Sexual Response Flashcards
Name the 5 stages of the sexual response
1) Desire
2) Arousal/excitement
3) Plateau
4) Orgasm
5) Resolution
DAPOR
Name physiological responses to arousal that are common in both men and women
Increased HR Increased BP Increased resp. rate Flushing Nipple erection Pelvic and genital vascular engorgement Muscle contraction
Name a few male specific responses that occur during arousal
Penis erects
Scrotum thickens
Testes rise
Name a few female specific responses that occur during arousal
Enlargement of breasts
Vasocongestion of vaginal walls
Vaginal lubrication
Vagina elongates and widens
Tumescence (swelling) and erection of clitoris and labia
Elevation of cervix and uterus (to increase vaginal length)
Name one procedure and one form of medication that can affect sexual response in men
Prostate surgery
Anti-depressants
What does the plateau stage consist of in the sexual response?
Period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm
During the plateau phase does the urethral sphincter contract or relax and what is the purpose of this?
Contracts to prevent:
- urine mixing with semen
- retrograde ejaculation
How do orgasms vary between men and women?
In men consists of 3-6 contractions of urethra, pelvic floor and anus where as in women it’s 5-12 contractions.
Men can only have a single orgasm then have to have a resolution phase whereas women can have multiple orgasms to and from plateau
What phase in the sexual response does ejaculation occur?
Orgasm
What occurs in the resolution phase?
Relaxation
- HR, BP etc. decrease
- blood vessels dilate
Where is brain activity highest as an orgasm begins?
Cerebellum and frontal cortex
During orgasm, where does brain activity peak and what hormone is produced?
Hypothalamus
Oxytocin is released
What effect does oxytocin have on the uterus?
Causes it to contract
What area of the brain also peaks during orgasm that is linked to reward and pleasure?
Nucleus accumbens
If someone has a lack of desire for sexual activity what disorder do they have?
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
Name the disorder - lack of desire for sexual activity accompanied with anxiety about idea of having sex
Sexual aversion disorder
What is the medical name for pain during or after sex?
Dyspareunia
What is vaginismus?
tightening of muscles around vagina when penetration is attempted
Name the three subtypes of Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
1) Lifelong/generalised - little/no desire for sexual stimulation and has never had
2) acquired/situational - previously sexually interested in partner but now lacks interest but has desire for sexual stimulation either alone or with different person
3) Acquired/generalised - previously had sexual interest in partner but now lacks interest completely
Treatment for hypoactive sexual desire disorder
Rule out biological cause then move onto psychological therapy
What is female genital mutilation?
All procedures which involve removal or injury to the female external genitalia for non-therapeutic reasons
What is Type I female genital mutilation
Clitoridectomy - partial/total removal or clitoris and/or its prepuce
Type II female genital mutilation
Excision - clitoris and labia minora are partially or totally removed with or without excision of labia majora
Type III female genital mutilation
Most severe form - Infibulation or Pharaonic type - sealing/narrowing vaginal orifice by appositioning the labia minora and/or majora with or without removal of clitoris. Small opening left for urine and menstrual blood to escape
Type IV FGM
Pricking, piercing, incising, scraping, cauterisation
