Sexual Offenders

Question 1

How many sexual assaults overall as well as sexual assaults against children were there in 2014?

Answer 1

20735 and 4452 respectively.

Question 2

In what population is the rate of sexual assault almost double?

Answer 2

Aboriginal populations compared to non-Aboriginal.

Question 3

What are the most common types of unwanted sexual behaviour experienced by women in public?

Answer 3

Unwanted sexual attention, unwanted physical contact, and unwanted comments about their sex/gender.

Question 4

What is the definition of sexual assault?

Answer 4

Any nonconsensual act by either a male or female person to either a male or female person, regardless of the relationship between the people involved.

Question 5

What are the three levels of sexual assault?

Answer 5

1) Simple sexual assault
2) Sexual assault with a weapon/causing bodily harm
3) Aggravated sexual assault.

Question 6

Who are some at risk victims of sexual assault?

Answer 6

The disabled and elderly, ages 15-25, and 1 and under.

Question 7

What is rape trauma syndrome (2 phases)

Answer 7

Acute phase: heightened levels of fear, anxiety, depression

Long-term phase: Development of phobias, chronic physical health problems.

Could eventually develop into PTSD.

Question 8

What is secondary victimization?

Answer 8

1/5 women feel they are to blame for the sexual assault and won’t want to seek therapy. (however women are also more likely to talk to someone about their sexual assault)

Question 9

What are the three main emotional impacts that are caused by sexual assault when looking at the two genders?

Answer 9

Male: report being not at all impacted
Female: sleeping problems
Both: high anger

Question 10

What are the 5 rape myths?

Answer 10

1) Sexual assault is not a common problem
2) Sexual assault is most often committed by strangers (50% acquaintances or friends, in high schol it is 60+ % friends)
3) Women “ask for it” by the way they dress or act
4) Avoid being alone in dark, deserted places to protect yourself
5) Women lie about sexual assault

Question 11

What percentage of sexual assault cases are found to be guilty in court?

Answer 11

40%

Question 12

What are the 5 types of sexual offenders?

Answer 12

1) Voyeurs
2) Exhibitionists
3) Rapists
4) Pedophiles
5) Child molesters (intra-familial (incest), or extra-familial)

Question 13

What are the 3 levels of offences that you can commit as a sexual offender?

Answer 13

Level 1: Minor physical injuries/none
Level 2: Use/threat of use of weapons or bodily harm (14 years)
Level 3: Very serious injury/death (aggravated).

Question 14

What are the 3 main types of rapists as suggested by Groth?

Answer 14

1) Anger rapist
2) Power rapist
3) Sadistic rapist

Question 15

What is an anger rapist according to Groth?

Answer 15

Has high anger towards women, includes about 50% of rapists.

Question 16

What is the power rapist according to Groth?

Answer 16

Needs dominance and control, about 40% of rapists

Question 17

What is a sadistic rapist according to Groth?

Answer 17

Feels gratification from inflicting injury, a bout 5% of rapists.

Question 18

What are the 5 types of rapist on the revised typology by Knight and Prentky?

Answer 18

1) Opportunistic
2) Pervasively angry
3) Sexual
4) Sadistic
5) Vindictive

Question 19

What is the difference between a rapist and a pedophile?

Answer 19

Rapists are versatile offenders who engage in multiple crimes whereas with pedophiles it is usually the only crime they commit.

Question 20

What are some typical characteristics of rapists?

Answer 20

Generally younger, had intimate adult relations (compared to child molesters), lower SES, abuse substance.

Question 21

What are criminogenic needs?

Answer 21

Things that foster a need for criminal behaviour such as intimacy deficits, negative peer influence, problems with self-regulation in general, sexually offence supported attitudes.

Question 22

What are some traits of an opportunistic rapist?

Answer 22

Sexual assault appears to be impulsive and unplanned, but a predatory act. They a re controlled by contextual and immediate antecedent factors than longstanding sexual fantasy. Show poor self control in many areas, as well as little force or gratuitous aggression. Appear to seek immediate sexual gratification and have little concern for the impact on the victim.

Question 23

What are some traits of a pervasively angry rapist?

Answer 23

Have undifferentiated anger and extreme problems controlling aggression; anger not limited to women. History of poor impulse control since childhood, gratuitous aggression (violent even if no victim resistance), will often inflict serious injury or kill their victim, rape does not appear to be sexualized.

Question 24

What are some traits of a sexual rapist?

Answer 24

Have some form of enduring sexual preoccupation, which can be joined with aggression, dominance needs, and feelings of inadequacy. The non-sadistic type can have high or low competence and shows less interpersonal aggression overall. Will often run/flee with victim resistance, hypothesized to have issues with self image/sexual inadequacy and may endorse rape myths.

Question 25

What are some traits of a sadistic rapist?

Answer 25

Either overt or muted subtypes, both show evidence of poor differentiation between sexual and aggressive drives and often have erotic or destructive thinking. The overt group engages in physically damaging behaviour and are angry, belligerent, and plan their rapes. The muted group may express these feelings symbolically (with humiliation for example, to make themselves seem more powerful)

Question 26

What are the traits of a vindictive rapist?

Answer 26

Women as the exclusive focus of their anger, look to humiliate and degrade their victims. Show significant rage in assaults either in verbal abuse or more brutality. They don’t appear to display this anger to others and their aggression is not erotic (unlike sadistic). Lower overall impulsivity and low to moderate social competence.