Sexual Identity

Question 1

1885

Answer 1

Section 11 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, commonly known as the Labouchere Amendment, makes ‘gross indecency’ between men a crime. The law is broadly interpreted to refer to any sexual or intimate contact between men.

Question 2

1921

Answer 2

The Criminal Law Amendment Act threatens to extend the Labouchere Amendment to include same-sex relationships between women.

Question 3

1957

Answer 3

The Wolfenden Report was published. The committee recommended that ‘homosexual behaviour between consenting adults in private should no longer be a criminal offence.’ It is not acted on by Parliament.

Question 4

1967

Answer 4

The Sexual Offences Act is passed. It decriminalises sex in private between men over the age of 21. The Act only applies to England and Wales and does not cover the Merchant Navy or the Armed Forces. However, homosexuality was still widely discriminated against and the Act still led to arrests, as certain conditions were still considered illegal.

Question 5

1969

Answer 5

stonewall riots began on the streets on London

Question 6

1972

Answer 6

The first official Gay Pride rally takes place in London on 1 July. Seven hundred people attend.

Question 7

1977

Answer 7

first gay electee

Question 8

1980

Answer 8

first gay nightclub opened

Question 9

1989

Answer 9

stonewall opened a charity in the UK to protect LGBTQ+ and Denmark legalised same sex marriage

Question 10

1992

Answer 10

The World Health Organization no longer defines same-sex desire as a mental illness.

Question 11

1999

Answer 11

The Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment) Regulations 1999 make it illegal for employers to discriminate against trans people.

Question 12

2000

Answer 12

The ban on lesbian, gay and bisexual people serving in the armed forces is lifted.
The Sexual Offences Amendment Act lowers the age of sexual consent to 16 for everyone

Question 13

2003

Answer 13

The Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations make it illegal to discriminate against someone based on their sexuality in the workplace.

Question 14

2004

Answer 14

civil partnership act and the gender recognition act was passed

Question 15

2010

Answer 15

The first LGBTQ+ refugees are accepted into the UK

Question 16

2013

Answer 16

The Marriage (Same-Sex Couples) Act 2013 is passed and comes into effect the following year. It legalises same-sex marriage in England and Wales.

Question 17

2020

Answer 17

Same-sex marriage laws come into effect in Northern Ireland

Question 18

where is homosexuality still illegal?

Answer 18

Uganda and Singapoore

Question 19

feminists have concerns over how women are portrayed through their sexuality

Answer 19

as sexual objects for men

this can be supported by Mulvey and the ‘male gaze’

Question 20

sexuality is an issue for many, especially for those who are not heterosexual

Answer 20

Weeks points out that not many would say ‘I am heterosexual’ but many would say ‘I am gay’ in relation to identity

Question 21

When talking about sexual identity you are talking about ……..

Answer 21

sexual orientation

Question 22

**Weeks **argues that ‘sexual identification is a strange thing’ and it is very complex

Answer 22

• many people identify as gay and take part in gay activities but dont take part in same same sexual relations
• there are people who have same-sex sexual relations but dont identify as gay

Question 23

Reiss’s study

Answer 23

rent boys (young male prostitutes) thought of themselves as straight despite having sex with men for money

Question 24

Quinn - gay tribal people

cross-cultural study

Answer 24

• native americans celebrated male and male relationships with the ‘wife’ being more feminine ( dressing in female clothes and putting on a higher voice) and the ‘husband’ was dominant and masculine
• sub-saharan african people have man-boy marriages called boy-wives who are treated the same as a female wife

Sexual identity is relative and therefore socially constructed - Plummer

Question 25

The homosexual role - MacIntosh

Answer 25

• In western cultures, a homosexuak mans role involves certain characteristics (effeminate mannerisms, higher voice and attention to looks)
• once a male accepts this label he will fullfil these expectations
• label creates the behaviour

Question 26

Plummer

Answer 26

Homosexuality is a process talking about a ‘homosexual career’. This is where a man has accepted the label of gay and will look to others and join a subculture where homosexuality is the norm.

Question 27

gay left collective

Answer 27

‘becoming a homosexual’ is a difficult process of ‘becoming the other’ or ‘becoming what one has learnt to desire’

Question 28

Rich -feminist

Answer 28

• womens sexuality is oppressed by men in a patriarchy
• marriage, sexual violence and rape
• ‘compulsory heterosexuality’ describes how women are socialised into a subordinate role
• women arent neccessarily inheritantly straight and its forced upon them
• lesbian idenitiy has been constructed as abnormal as its a threat to male dominance

Question 29

‘pink pound’

Answer 29

when society makes money off of gay poeple (capitalists)