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GOSH > Sexual Health > Flashcards

Sexual Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is a normal finding on culture of a vaginal swab?

A

Lactobacilli, without any other abnormalities

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of vaginal discharge in younger women? What organisms?

A

BV - mycoplasma hominis, gardnerella vaginalis

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3
Q

What is the investigation for BV?

A

Dry HVS

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4
Q

What is the Amsel criteria?

A

3+ required for diagnosis BV:

  • grey/white discharge
  • fishy smell
  • pH >5.5
  • Clue cells on microscopy
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5
Q

Tx of BV?

A

Metronidazole 5d or single dose

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6
Q

What is leucorrhoea?

A

Word to describe thick curd like discharge in candida infection

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7
Q

Culture shows flagellated protozoan, what is the cause? What are the likely Sx?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

Sx - frothy green/yellow discharge, foul smelling. STRAWBERRY CERVIX

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8
Q

What is the Mx of TV?

A

Stat dose 2g metronidazole + 400mg metronidazole for 5-7d

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9
Q

What are the potential Sx of gonorrhoea?

A

Green watery discharge, pus, PCB, IMB, dysuria + increased freq, abdominal pain.

2/3rds asymptomatic!

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10
Q

What investigations are done for a symptomatic patient with potential gonorrhoea or chlamydia?

A

Endocervical swab with NAATs test

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11
Q

What is the Tx for gonorrhoea?

A

Ceftriaxone IM + azithromycin PO (just stat doses)

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12
Q

Tx for chlamydia? What is best in pregnancy?

A

Azithromycin 1g stat (pregnancy) or doxycycline for 7d (unsafe in pregnancy)

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13
Q

Which types of chlamydia trachomatis cause GU infection?

A

Types D-K

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14
Q

What is the classical triad of Sx of chlamydia in men?

A

Dysuria, discharge, urethritis

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15
Q

What are potential complications of chlamydia in men?

A

Epidimo-orchitis - scrotal swelling, pain, tenderness
LGV - anal itch, rectal pain, muco/bloody discharge
Reiter’s syndrome - mono arthritis
Conjunctivits

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16
Q

What causes lymphogranuloma venerum?

A

Chlamydia types L1, L2, L3 –> infects the lymphatic system

17
Q

Potential complications of chlamydia in women?

A

PID - lower abdo/pelvic pain, cervical motion tenderness
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome - RUQ pain, tenderness, deranged LFTs
Conjunctivits

18
Q

What symptoms might distinguish chlamydia & gonorrhoea?

A

Chlamydia - deep dyspareunia
Gonorrhoea - increased urinary freq, green watery discharge.

However must do NAATs as cannot rely on clinical Dx

19
Q

What are the potential complications of gonorrhoea?

A

Disseminated disease - polyarthritis, polyarthralgia, fever, pustular rash

20
Q

What are the Sx of Reiters?

A

Urethritis, arthritis, uveitis/conjunctivitis

21
Q

What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome?

A

Peri-hepatitis. Inflammation spread from pelvis to Glisson’s capsule surrounding liver.

Sx: RUQ pain + guarding, pyrexia, deranged LFTs

22
Q

Which two infections are particularly associated with AIDS/indicate the presence of AIDS?

A

Pneumocystis + cryptococcal pneumonia

23
Q

What is ARC?

A

AIDS related complex: weight loss, night sweats + fever, diarrhoea.

Also causes opportunist infections:
TB, Pneumocistis, cryptococcal, CMV retinitis, shingles, hairy leukoplakia (basically any unusual infections –> think HIV!)

24
Q

What are the classes of HAART medications?

A

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)
Integrase inhibitor
Protease inhibitor

25
Q

When is dark ground microscopy indicated?

A

To test for syphilis - looks like spiral

26
Q

What are the types of HSV and what are they assoc with?

A

HSV 1 - oral and genital

HSV 2 - genital

27
Q

When would you expect to see herpes ulcers after exposure to virus?

A

2d-2w

28
Q

What are the Sx of herpes in men and women?

A

Painful ulcer!!
Prodrome: itchy, tingling skin
Women: vulvitis (poss cause urinary retention)

29
Q

Which strands of HPV cause warts?

A

6 + 11

30
Q

What are the Sx of tabes dorsalis and what is it assoc with?

A

Tertiary syphilis:

Sx: ataxia, numb legs/chest/nose, lightning pain, increased plantar reflexes, argyll-robertson pupil

31
Q

What cardiac complications are associated with tertiary syphilis?

A

Aneurysms, regurg, angina

GOSH (6 decks)

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