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2nd Repro > Sexual Health > Flashcards

Sexual Health Flashcards

1
Q

Sexual Identity:

Gender Identity:

Sexual Orientation:

Sexual Behavior:

A

Sexual Identity: biological sexual characteristics

Gender Identity: a person’s sense of “maleness” or “femaleness.”

Sexual Orientation: homosexual, heterosexual, bisexual.

Sexual Behavior: The Physiological Responses

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2
Q

• Sexual behavior that is destructive to a person(s), cannot be directed toward a partner, is inappropriately associated with guilt and anxiety, or is compulsive.

A

Abnormal sexuality:

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3
Q

Sexual function depends on two complex and delicate neurologic pathways:

A

(1) a connection between the brain and the genitals; and
(2) a reflex loop between the genitals and spinal cord. Both involve the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system (PNS), and autonomic nervous system (ANS).

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4
Q

Involves difficulty with 1 or more aspect of the sexual response cycle

Result from biological, psychological or interpersonal causes

• May be due to combination of causes

Must cause significant distress to the individual

Not better explained by a nonsexual mental disorder or as a consequence of severe relationship distress or other significant stress

A
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5
Q

: dysfunction has always been present

vs

: occur after interval when function has been normal: More common than primary sexual dysfunction

A

Primary (lifelong) sexual dysfunction

Secondary (acquired) sexual dysfunction

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6
Q

General medical conditions
• Diabetes: erectile dysfunction

  • Pelvic adhesions: dyspareunia
  • Medication side effects • SSRIs: delayed orgasm
  • Substance abuse
  • Alcohol: erectile dysfunction

• Hormonal or neurotransmitter alterations

A

Biological Causes of Sexual Dysfunction

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7
Q

Examples of Physiolgocial causes of sexual dysfunciton

A

Relationship problems, Stress, Depression, Anxiety, Guilt, Performance anxiety

Erectile dysnf: have morning wood and can masturbate

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8
Q

Disorders of Sexual Desire

A

• Hypoactive

  • Reduced or absent fantasies of desires
  • Up to 20% of population, more common in women

• Sexual Aversion: Aversion to ALL sexual contact

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9
Q

1+ symptoms occurring >75% of the time

Difficulty in obtaining erection during sexual activity

Difficult maintaining erection until completion of sexual activity

Marked decreased in erectile rigidity

A

Erectile Disorder (Arousal disorder)

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10
Q

Absent/reduced interest in sexual activity, sexual/erotic thoughts or fantasies, no/reduced initiation of sexual activity, unreceptive to partner’s attempts to initiate, absent/reduced interest to any internal/external sexual cues

Up to 33% of females

A

Female Sexual Arousal Disorder

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11
Q

Anorgasmia/Female Orgasmic Disorder

• Either symptom present ______

Marked delay in, marked infrequency of, or absence of orgasm

Markedly reduced intensity of orgasmic sensations

  • 5% of married women > 35y/o never achieved orgasm • Overall prevalence from all causes: 30%
  • Likelihood to have orgasm increases with age
A

>75% of sexual activity

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12
Q

• Either symptoms present >75% of partnered sexual activity

  • Marked delay in ejaculation
  • Marked infrequency of absence of ejaculation
A

Delayed (retarded) Ejaculation

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13
Q

• Persistent or recurrent pattern of ejaculation occurring during partnered sexual activity within approximately 1 minute following vaginal penetration and before individual wishes it

A

Premature (Early) Ejaculation

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14
Q

Recurrent or persistent involuntary contraction of the perineal muscles surrounding the outer third of the vagina that prevents penile insertion

In some cases, even the anticipation of vaginal insertion may result in muscle spasm

A

Vaginismus

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15
Q

Genital pain that is associated with sexual intercourse

Most commonly experienced during coitus, it may also occur before or after intercourse

A

Dyspareunia

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16
Q

Can occur in both males and females, more common in females

• In females: the pain may be described as superficial during intromission or as deep during

penile thrusting
• Chronic pelvic pain common complaint in women with history of sexual assault

A

• Dyspareunia

17
Q

• Used to treat sexual desire, arousal and orgasmic disorders

A

Sensory-focused exercises

18
Q

• Used to treat premature ejaculation

A

Squeeze technique

19
Q

Relaxation, hypnosis, systematic desensitization
•

A

Aids with reducing anxiety associated with sexual performance • May be helpful with vaginismus

20
Q

Dilators can help with

A

Dilators
• Useful to treat vaginismus

21
Q

SSRIs: delay orgasm, therefore treat

A

premature ejaculation

22
Q

Opioid antagonists and vasodilators can be used to treat

A

erectile

disorders

23
Q

PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil) can be used to treat

A

erectile dysfunction

24
Q

Intracorporeal injection of vasodilators, implantation of prosthetic devices used to treat

A

erectile dysfunction

25
Q

Sense of self as being male or female

Differential exposure to prenatal sex hormones

May or may not agree with physiologic sex or gender role (ie. GID)

A

Gender identity

26
Q

Expression of one’s gender identity in society

Societal pressure to conform to sexual norms

May or may not agree with gender identity or physiologic sex

A

Gender Role

27
Q

Persistent and unchanging preference for people of the same sex or opposite sex for love and sexual expression

Differential exposure to prenatal sex hormones Genetic influences

True bisexuality is uncommon; most people have a sexual preference

A

Sexual Orientation

28
Q
  • A condition in which a person has been assigned one gender, usually on the basis of their sex at birth, but identifies as belonging to another gender and feels significant discomfort or is unable to deal with the situation.
  • There must be evidence of a strong and persistent cross-gender identification.
  • This cross-gender identification must not merely be a desire for any perceived cultural advantages of being the other sex.
  • There must also be evidence of persistent discomfort about one’s assigned sex or a sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex.
A

Gender Identity Disorder [Gender Dysphoria]

29
Q

conditions for most sexual reassignment surgeries

A
  • Standard is for the patient to live a cross-gendered lifestyle for 3-12 months.
  • For some this “test” may change their minds due to difficulties relating to friends, family, co-workers, etc.
  • Patients that undergo SRS must also undergo hormonal treatment
30
Q

• Affects 70-85% of postpartum women

  • Considered NORMAL!
  • Relatively mild emotional disturbance
  • Mood lability, tearfulness, anxiety, insomnia • Onset peaks 3-5 days post-delivery
  • Typically resolves within 2 weeks
  • Transient with little intervention required
A

• “Maternity blues” or “Baby blues”

31
Q

Most common complication of childbirth • Incidence: = 10-12%

Highest rates in adolescent mothers

Onset typically within 2-12 weeks
• Some consider PPD risk up to 1 year
• However, vast majority will have had symptoms during pregnancy

If previous episode of PPD, 25% chance of relapse with subsequent pregnancies

A

Postpartum Depression

32
Q

Risk for post partum depression

A
  • History of depression
  • Stressful life events
  • Conflictual relationship with baby’s father • Short inter-pregnancy interval
  • Low birth weight infant
  • Frequent infant health problems
33
Q

Risk to infant in mom with post partum depression

A

Infant Risks

Decreased IQ

Slowed language development

Delayed motor development

Delayed cognitive development – object permanence

Less emotional expressiveness

Decreased concentration

Impaired attachment

Increased psychiatric disorders in children

34
Q

Maternal risk in post partum depression

A
  • Difficulty breastfeeding
  • Missed pediatric outpatient appointments & increased emergency room visits
  • Marital and relationship difficulties
35
Q

Sexual dysfunction is defined as d

A

ifficulty with 1 or more aspect of the sexual response cycle; the dysfunction must be distressing to patient in order to be diagnostic.

36
Q

____sexual dysfunction is more common than primary sexual dysfunction.

A

Secondary

37
Q

In order to diagnose GID, there must be evidence of

A

persistent discomfort about one’s assigned sex or a sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex.

2nd Repro (16 decks)

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