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PH1122- The Role of the Pharmacist > Sexual Health > Flashcards

Sexual Health Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 8 STIs that we need to know about?

A
  • Chlamydia
  • Syphillis
  • Public lice
  • HIV
  • Genital warps (HPV)
  • Genital Herpes
  • Trichomoniasis
  • Gonorrhoea
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2
Q

Symptoms of Chlamydia

A
  • Women: Bleeding between periods/heavier periods, bleeding after sex, lower abdominal pain, unusual discharge, pain when passing urine
  • Men: White/cloudy discharge from penis, pain when passing urine, pain in testicles
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3
Q

Treat and treatment for chlamydia

A

Test: Vaginal swap in women and urine sample in men
Treatment: Doxycycline and Azithromycin

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4
Q

Syphilis symptoms

A
  • Primary: Genital ulcers
  • Secondary: Rash on hands+feet, fever, headaches, tiredness
    Tertiary: If left untreated, can spread brain = long term damage
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5
Q

Syphilis test and treatment

A
  • Blood test
  • Benzathine benzylpenicillin injections or azithromycin 500mg OD
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6
Q

Public lice symptoms

A
  • Visible
  • Itching
  • Irritation
  • Black powdery droppings from lice in underwear
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7
Q

Test and treatment for public lice

A
  • Examination
  • Topical insecticide: Permethrin and malathion
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8
Q

HIV symptoms

A
  • Shortly after infection: flu-like fever, rash, joint + muscle pain
  • Late stage: Diarrhoea, night sweats, weight loss, recurrent infections
  • If untreated, develops into AIDs
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9
Q

HIV treatment (not curable)

A
  • Aim is to make viral load undetectable = not transmissible using anti-retroviral therapy
  • PEP = combination of drugs to reduce HIV negative person getting HIV up to 72 hours post exposure (needs prescription)
  • PrEP = taken by HIV negative people before + after sex to reduce risk of getting HIV - available in GUM clinics
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10
Q

Genital Warts (Human Papilloma Virus) symptoms

A
  • Can be spread even if no active warts seen
  • Small fleshy growth around genital area, usually not painful
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11
Q

Tests and Treatment of Genital Warts (HPV)

A
  • Examination of genitals
  • Podophyllotoxin or imquimod cream, crystotherapy, laser therapy, trichloroacetic acid
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12
Q

Genital Herpes (HSV type 2 also can be type 1) Symptoms

A
  • Blistering of genitals leaving open red sores
  • Tingling/burning/itching/pain on urination
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13
Q

Test and Treatment of Genital Herpes

A
  • Swap from blister
  • Antiviral medication: 1st line = aciclovir 200mg, 2nd line/recurrent infection = Acyclovir 800mg
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14
Q

Trichomoniasis symptoms

A
  • Abnormal/pale-green smelly discharge
  • Soreness, redness, itching, pain when urination
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15
Q

Tests and Treatment for Trichomoniasis

A
  • Genital swab, urine sample
  • Metronidazole
    Need to treat partners
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16
Q

Gonorrhoea symptoms

A
  • Women: Bleeding between/heavier periods, lower abdominal pain, unusual discharge, pain when passing urine
  • Men: green/yellow discharge from penis, pain in the testes, pain when passing urine
17
Q

Tests and Treatment for Gonorrhoea

A
  • Vaginal/rectal swab in men + women, urine sample in men
  • Treatment: IM Ceftriazone
18
Q

What are the different types of contraception?

A
  • Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)
  • Progesterone-only Pill, injection or implant
  • Intrauterine System (IUS)- Progesterone coil (lasts 10 years)
  • Intrauterine Device- Copper coil: acts as spermicide (lasts 10 years)
  • Condoms (only protecting against STIs)
  • Sterilisation
  • Natural rhythm method
19
Q

Pros and Cons of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill

A

Pros: Pro-menstruation effects, fertility returns to normal when pill is stopped, decreased risk of ovarian and endometrial cancers

Cons: Mood changes, nausea, breast tenderness, weight gain, headaches, drug interaction

20
Q

Progesterone-only Pill pros and cons

A

Pros: Can be used when COCP contraindicated, not affected by broad spec antibiotics
Cons: Spotting, weight gain, headache, mood changes, less effective than COCP

21
Q

Progesterone injection (every 3 months) pros and cons

A

Pros: Not user dependent, amenorrhoea
Cons: Weight gain, takes a while for fertility to return to normal, requires needle

22
Q

Progesterone Implant (lasts 3 years) pros and cons

A

Pros: Not user dependent, rapid return of fertility, lighter periods/stop, useful for oestrogen sensitive people
Cons: Irregular bleeding, headaches, mood swings, breast tenderness, acne, no STI protection, implant may wonder, requires procedure

23
Q

Intrauterine System (IUS) Progesterone coil (lasts 3-5 years) pros and cons

A

Pros: Not user dependent, decreases/no periods (used as first line treatment for heavy bleeding), rapid return of fertility, less hormonal side effects

Cons: Pain/discomfort on insertion, risk of expulsion, risk of infection (pelvic inflammatory disease), perforation of uterus

24
Q

Intrauterine Device (IUD)- Copper coil: acts as spermicide - lasts 10 years pros and cons

A

Pros: Not user dependent, non-hormonal, regular periods
Cons: Heavier more painful periods, risk of expulsion, risk of infection, perforation of uterus

25
Q

Condoms

A

Pros: Available for free, no serious side effects, STI protection

Cons: Can interrupt intercourse, ineffective if wrong size

26
Q

Sterilisation pros and cons

A

Pros: Don’t worry about contraceptives, not user dependent

Cons: Risk of tube re-joining, can’t be easily reversed, required surgery

27
Q

Natural rhythm method pros and cons

A

Pros: No physical side effects to hormones, increases fertility awareness

Cons: Takes 3-6 cycles to learn effectively, keep daily records, external factors can affect fertility indicators (inaccurate asf), avoiding sex during fertile times

PH1122- The Role of the Pharmacist (12 decks)

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