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Science > Sexual and Aesexual Reproduction > Flashcards

Sexual and Aesexual Reproduction Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is aesexual reproduction?

A

Asexual reproduction only needs the involvement of one part of the organism and does not require the presence of male and female parts.

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2
Q

Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are identical to the parent. What is this called?

A

Cloning

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3
Q

What is the cell division in bacteria?

A

Binary Fission

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4
Q

What is the cell division in humans?

A

Mitosis

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5
Q

What is cell division?

A

The reproduction of cells by duplicating their genetic material

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6
Q

What is parthenogenesis?

A

The type of asexual reproduction found in females where growth and development of embryos occurs without fertilization by male.

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7
Q

How do fleas, aphids, and only some bees, reptiles and fish reproduce?

A

Aesexually, through parthenogenesis

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8
Q

What is a runner?

A

Stem or root that comes out of a plant and produces new roots that create a genetically identical plant

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9
Q

Why do humans grow?

A

Because the cells in their body reproduce

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10
Q

How do plants reproduce?

A

By making a seed

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11
Q

How do mushrooms reproduce?

A

They have spores

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12
Q

How do some animals, like chickens, reproduce?

A

They lay eggs

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13
Q

What is budding?

A

When a bud forms on one side of the cell and when it reaches maturity, it breaks off and turns into a new cell

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14
Q

Which organism uses budding?

A

Yeast

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15
Q

What is regeneration?

A

When a plant makes a new part to replace lost ones

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16
Q

Cloning is an example of regeneration. What happens in cloning?

A

When a leaf or a stem is cut off from the main plant, and planted into a moist environment. As a result, a new plant is formed.

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17
Q

How to strawberry bushes, roses, trembling aspen tree reproduce?

A

By cloning

18
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

Reproduction that requires both male and female parts

19
Q

When you reproduce sexually, are the offspring identical?

A

No, they may share similarities but have genes from both parents

20
Q

How do plants sexually reproduce?

A

By spores, cones, or flowers

21
Q

What is cloning?

A

When a leaf or stem is cut off from the main plant and put in moist materials to grow a new plant

22
Q

What are the pros of aesexual reproduction?

A
  • easier and faster because you don’t have to find a mate
23
Q

What are the cons of aesexual reproduction?

A

Bacteria, like parasites, figure out a way to enter way easier because they only have to learn one set of DNA because all organisms of that species are identical

24
Q

What are some examples of organisms that reproduce aesexualy?

A

Plants, mushrooms, yeast, cells, some fish…

25
Q

What are the male reproductive organs of a flower called?

A

The stamen

26
Q

What are the female reproductive organs called?

A

The carpel or pistil

27
Q

Can flowers have both male and female parts?

A

Yes, in fact, most of them do

28
Q

What are the female parts of a plant?

A

The ovary, the ovule, the stigma and the style

29
Q

What are the male parts of the flower called?

A

The anther and the filament

30
Q

What is the stigma?

A

It receives the pollen during pollination

31
Q

What is the style?

A

A tube on top of the ovary

32
Q

What is an ovary?

A

The female reproductive organ

33
Q

What is an ovule?

A

The reproductive cell that becomes the seed when fertilized

34
Q

What is the anther?

A

The male reproductive cell that contains pollen

35
Q

What is the filament?

A

The filament holds the anther

36
Q

How does the flower produce seeds?

A

The anther produces pollen which must land on the pistil in order to fertilize the flower so it can produce seeds

37
Q

How is the pollen moved from the stamen to the pistil?

A

Due to wind and other organisms such as the birds and bees

38
Q

What is self pollination?

A

When the pollen from the anther lands on the pistil of the same flower

39
Q

What is cross pollination?

A

When the pollen from the stamen of one flower moves to the pistol of another flower

40
Q

How is the seed developed?

A
  • the male gamete (spermatozoon) enters the female gamete (ovule) a zygote is formed
  • the cells divide and become a seed which will eventually grow into an adult plant
41
Q

How is the seed dispersed?

A

By wind, water, humans and even plants can do it by shooting out a seed

42
Q

What is the first step of self pollination?

A

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