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Science > Human Reproduction > Flashcards

Human Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the scrotum?

A

A pouch that contains the testicles and it is located outside the body

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2
Q

What do the testicles contain?

A

They contain seminiferous tubules that make the spermatozoa

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3
Q

How many testicles do males have?

A

2

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4
Q

What is the epididymis?

A

An elongated pouch that stores the spermatozoa

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5
Q

What is the Vas Deferens?

A

A tube that the spermatozoa enter, to go from the epididymis to the urethra

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6
Q

What do the prostate gland and seminal vesicle do?

A

That produce a fluid called semen that will mix with the spermatozoa

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7
Q

What does the semen help with?

A

The semen helps the spermatozoa move and it is rich in sugar therefore gives it energy

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8
Q

What is the urethra?

A

A tube that carries semen from the vas deferens out of the body through the penis opening called the glands. Urine also passes the same way

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9
Q

How many scrotums are there?

A

Only one

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10
Q

What does the Cowper’s gland do?

A

It releases a fluid into the urethra to neutralize the acidity cause by the urine

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11
Q

What do the ovaries do?

A

They take turns releasing an ovum about every 28 days

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12
Q

How many ovaries are there?

A

2

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13
Q

How many ova are released each month?

A

Only one

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14
Q

What is a follicle?

A

The follicle brings the ovum to maturity and burst into the Fallopian tube when mature

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15
Q

How many ova does each follicle contain?

A

Only one

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16
Q

What are the Fallopian tubes?

A

When the ovum is released, it travels down the Fallopian tube until it reaches the uterus

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17
Q

What is the uterus?

A

A pear shaped organ, where the zygote develops when fertilized by a spermatozoon

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18
Q

What does the inside of the uterus contain?

A

A lining called the endometrium

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19
Q

What is the cervix?

A

The lower part of the uterus that connects it to the vagina.

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20
Q

How does the child pass through during childbirth?

A

The cervix widens to allow the baby to pass

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21
Q

What is the vagina?

A

The passage where the penis penetrates to release the spermatozoa. The baby also leaves through the vagina during childbirth

22
Q

Why is the scrotum located outside the body?

A

The temperature is much cooler outside the body. The spermatozoa will die if exposed to too much heat

23
Q

How many spermatozoa are made in the testicles each day?

A

400 000 000

24
Q

Why do the males produce so many spermatozoa if it only takes one spermatozoon to fertilize the ovum

A

It is a very difficult journey for them to reach the ovum, therefore, more are produced to have a better chance at fertilization

25
Q

What two things does semen provide for the spermatozoa?

A

Semen helps them move and is rich in sugar and nutrients

26
Q

Can a male ejaculate and urinate at the same time?

A

No because the urines acidity would kill the spermatozoa

27
Q

How many Fallopian tubes are there?

A

2

28
Q

What is ovulation?

A

When the ovum is released from the follicle and makes its way down the Fallopian tube

29
Q

How long does the ovum survive in the Fallopian tube?

A

24-48 hours

30
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

In the females Fallopian tube

31
Q

What is the name of the lining of the uterus

A

The endometrium

32
Q

Where does a baby develop

A

The uterus

33
Q

How long does the menstrual cycle last?

A

28 days on average

34
Q

How many ovum reach maturity during every cycle?

A

One ovum

35
Q

What happens when the ovum reaches maturity?

A

The body acts as if the ovum was going to be fertilized and so the endometrium thickens to help the zygot implant in the uterus and begin its development

36
Q

When does a woman’s body temperature change during the menstrual cycle?

A

Right before ovulation occurs

37
Q

Does it increase? By how much?

A

Yes, by 1°

38
Q

What if the ovum is not fertilized after a few days?

A

It is expelled from the body along with the endometrium

39
Q

In the menstrual cycle, what days are menstruation?

A

Day 1-5

40
Q

What happens on day 6-11?

A

The lining of the uterus starts to thicken

41
Q

What is ovulation?

A

The prime time for fertilization

42
Q

What happens on day 11-18?

A

Ovulation

43
Q

What happens on day 19-28?

A

The endometrium continues to thicken. The ovum makes its way to the uterus

44
Q

What happens on day 24-28?

A

The unfertilized ovum dies and the cycle begins again

45
Q

Why does the lining of the uterus thicken during the menstrual cycle?

A

To help the zygote implant in the uterus and begin its development

46
Q

When is the best time to have intercourse in order to become pregnant?

A

Right before ovulation begins

47
Q

When is the time during the menstrual cycle where you would have the lowest chance of becoming pregnant?

A

During menstruation

48
Q

What is menstruation?

A

When the ovum is not fertilized after a couple of days, it is expelled from the body along with the endometrium

49
Q

When does your temperature go back down in the menstrual cycle?

A

During menstruation

50
Q

Describe the life of a spermatozoon from birth in the male to death in the female.

A

It is born in the seminiferous tubules in the testes, stored in the epididymis, travels to the vas deferens, passes the prostate gland and the seminal vesicle, where it is mixed with semen, through the urethra, and out of the opening of the penis, called the glands. It then swims up the vagina, passes through the cervix, and when it reaches the Fallopian tubes, it dies.

51
Q

Describe the life of and unfertilized ovum.

A

The ovum is created in the follicle in the ovaries, once a month it is released into the Fallopian tube, it’ll travel down and when it reaches the uterus, it’ll be expelled along with the steps of the endometrium.

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