Sex Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

day 1-5 of menstrual cycle

A

menses

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2
Q

day 6-14 of menstrual cycle

A

FSH released

endometrial and ovarian cycle

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3
Q

day 13-14 of menstrual cycle

A

LH released
follicle ruptures
ovulation occurs

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4
Q

day 15-17 of menstrual cycle

A

egg passes into fallopian tube

if sperm present- fertilization occurs

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5
Q

day 15-17 of menstrual cycle

A

egg passes into fallopian tube

if sperm present- fertilization occurs

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6
Q

day 18-23 of menstrual cycle

A

LH continued

corpus lute produces estrogen and progesterone

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7
Q

day 24-28 of menstrual cycle

A

pregnant- estrogen and progesterone levels increase

not pregnant- estrogen and progesterone levels drop

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8
Q

1-2 months after fertilization

A

placenta forms

corpus lute degenerates

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9
Q

FSH in females

A

stimulates follicle growth and allows for estrogen secretion

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10
Q

FSH in males

A

maintains sperm production

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11
Q

LH in females

A

induces ovulation, stimulates corpus lute, progesterone secretion

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12
Q

LH in males

A

stimulates secretion of testosterone, sperm development

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13
Q

what does estrogen do

A

starts development of uterine lining, causes Fallopian tubes to contract, mammary gland stimulation of milk production

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14
Q

what does progesterone do

A

development of uterine lining, maintains lining during pregnancy

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15
Q

sex hormones in therapy

A

hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptives, fertility, cancer therapy, libido enhancement

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16
Q

menopause symptoms

A

fatigue, hot flashes, anxiety, dry skin, vaginal dryness, brittle bones, vaginal thinning/bleeding, infections, dysuria

17
Q

benefits of hormone replacement therapy

A

relief of menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis protection, colorectal cancer prevention

18
Q

risks of hormone replacement therapy

A

nonfatal heart attacks, thromboembolic events, stroke, demetia, breast cancer, uterine cancer
smoking increases risks

19
Q

oral estrogen side effects

A

N/HA, breast tenderness, increased risk of thromboembolism, gallbladder disease, liver disease

20
Q

transdermal estrogen patch advantages and disadvantages

A

a- no migraines, no increased risk

d- no osteoporosis protection

21
Q

side effects of progesterone

A

fluid retention, weight gain, hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance

22
Q

types of oral contraceptives

A

monophonic, biphasic, triphasic

23
Q

monophonic contraceptive

A

E and P remain constant throughout monthly cycle

24
Q

biphasic oral contraceptives

A

E remains constant

P increased during second half of cycle

25
Q

triphasic contraceptives

A

E usually remains constant

P changes in each of three phases

26
Q

oral contraceptives severe side effects (ACHES)

A
abdominal pain
chest pain
headache
eye problems
severe leg pain (thromboembolism)
27
Q

other contraceptives

A
depo-provera 
nexplanon
ortho-evra
nova ring
mirena
seasonique
28
Q

side effects of testosterone in women

A

vaginitis, menstrual irregularity, acne, edema, weight gain, clitoral enlargement, deepening of voice

29
Q

side effects of testosterone in men

A

acne, priapism, body and facial hair growth, gynecomastia

30
Q

MOA of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors

A

block PDE5 in penis so cGMP is maintains

31
Q

what do all PDE5 inhibitors (erectile dysfunction tx) end in

A

afil