Sex Hormones

Question 1

day 1-5 of menstrual cycle

Answer 1

menses

Question 2

day 6-14 of menstrual cycle

Answer 2

FSH released

endometrial and ovarian cycle

Question 3

day 13-14 of menstrual cycle

Answer 3

LH released
follicle ruptures
ovulation occurs

Question 4

day 15-17 of menstrual cycle

Answer 4

egg passes into fallopian tube

if sperm present- fertilization occurs

Question 5

day 15-17 of menstrual cycle

Answer 5

egg passes into fallopian tube

if sperm present- fertilization occurs

Question 6

day 18-23 of menstrual cycle

Answer 6

LH continued

corpus lute produces estrogen and progesterone

Question 7

day 24-28 of menstrual cycle

Answer 7

pregnant- estrogen and progesterone levels increase

not pregnant- estrogen and progesterone levels drop

Question 8

1-2 months after fertilization

Answer 8

placenta forms

corpus lute degenerates

Question 9

FSH in females

Answer 9

stimulates follicle growth and allows for estrogen secretion

Question 10

FSH in males

Answer 10

maintains sperm production

Question 11

LH in females

Answer 11

induces ovulation, stimulates corpus lute, progesterone secretion

Question 12

LH in males

Answer 12

stimulates secretion of testosterone, sperm development

Question 13

what does estrogen do

Answer 13

starts development of uterine lining, causes Fallopian tubes to contract, mammary gland stimulation of milk production

Question 14

what does progesterone do

Answer 14

development of uterine lining, maintains lining during pregnancy

Question 15

sex hormones in therapy

Answer 15

hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptives, fertility, cancer therapy, libido enhancement

Question 16

menopause symptoms

Answer 16

fatigue, hot flashes, anxiety, dry skin, vaginal dryness, brittle bones, vaginal thinning/bleeding, infections, dysuria

Question 17

benefits of hormone replacement therapy

Answer 17

relief of menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis protection, colorectal cancer prevention

Question 18

risks of hormone replacement therapy

Answer 18

nonfatal heart attacks, thromboembolic events, stroke, demetia, breast cancer, uterine cancer
smoking increases risks

Question 19

oral estrogen side effects

Answer 19

N/HA, breast tenderness, increased risk of thromboembolism, gallbladder disease, liver disease

Question 20

transdermal estrogen patch advantages and disadvantages

Answer 20

a- no migraines, no increased risk

d- no osteoporosis protection

Question 21

side effects of progesterone

Answer 21

fluid retention, weight gain, hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance

Question 22

types of oral contraceptives

Answer 22

monophonic, biphasic, triphasic

Question 23

monophonic contraceptive

Answer 23

E and P remain constant throughout monthly cycle

Question 24

biphasic oral contraceptives

Answer 24

E remains constant

P increased during second half of cycle

Question 25

triphasic contraceptives

Answer 25

E usually remains constant | P changes in each of three phases

Question 26

oral contraceptives severe side effects (ACHES)

Answer 26

``` abdominal pain chest pain headache eye problems severe leg pain (thromboembolism) ```

Question 27

other contraceptives

Answer 27

``` depo-provera nexplanon ortho-evra nova ring mirena seasonique ```

Question 28

side effects of testosterone in women

Answer 28

vaginitis, menstrual irregularity, acne, edema, weight gain, clitoral enlargement, deepening of voice

Question 29

side effects of testosterone in men

Answer 29

acne, priapism, body and facial hair growth, gynecomastia

Question 30

MOA of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors

Answer 30

block PDE5 in penis so cGMP is maintains

Question 31

what do all PDE5 inhibitors (erectile dysfunction tx) end in

Answer 31

afil