Sex Determination and Sex-Linked Traits

Question 1

Non-disjunction (2)

Answer 1

When chromosomes fail to separate properly

Can happen in mitosis or meiosis

Question 2

Hermaphroditism (1)

Answer 2

Both sexes in the same organism

Question 3

Monoecious (1)

Answer 3

Both male and female reproductive structures in the same organism

Question 4

Dioecious (1)

Answer 4

Either male or female reproductive structures in one organism

Question 5

Role of sex chromosomes in mammals (3)

Answer 5

The X chromosome contains genetic information essential for both sexes; at least one copy of an X is required.
The male-determining gene is located on the Y chromosome. A single Y, even in the presence of several X, still produces a male phenotype.
The absence of Y results in a female phenotype.

Question 6

Gene that determines maleness (1)

Answer 6

SRY gene

Question 7

Turner Syndrome (1)

Answer 7

XO; 1/3000 births

Question 8

Klinefelter Syndrome (1)

Answer 8

XXY, XXXY, XXXXY, XXYY; 1/1000 male births

Question 9

Poly-X Females (1)

Answer 9

XXX, etc.; 1/1000 female births

Question 10

X-inactivation (2)

Answer 10

Lyonization

Barr Bodies

Question 11

Dosage Compensation (1)

Answer 11

The amount of protein produced by x-linked genes and randomly inactivated in two sexes