Sex Determination And Linkage Flashcards
What are the assumptions of the chi square goodness of fit?
Random sample
Sample size (sufficiently large to prevent small sample error)
Independence - the observations are independent of each other.
What are degrees of freedom?
The number of values (characteristics such as different flower colors) that are free to vary minus 1
How are the princples of segregation and independent assortment related and how art they different?
Genes encoding different characteristics separate and assort independently of one another when they are not located close together on the same chromosome.
During this process, two alleles of the same gene encoding one characteristic still have to be segregated from each other during the formation of gametes.
In male spermatogenesis, the Y chromosomes always segregate ___.
Together.
True or false: sexual reproduction alternates between haploid and diploid states.
True
What is an example of non-homologous chromsomes pairing during meiosis?
X and Y chromosomes pair during meiosis even though they are not homologous.
What is hermaphroditism?
Both sexes in the same organism.
This is mostly seen in invertebrates, snails, slugs and earthworms.
What is monoecious?
When an organism has both male and female reproductive structures.
This includes corn, sagebrush and buttercup.
What is dioecious?
Either male or femal reproductive structures but not both in one organism.
What chromosomes contains genetic information essential for both sexes?
The X chromosomes
The absence of what chromosome reults in a female phenotype?
Chromosome Y
How does the heterogametic sex differ from the homogametic sex?
Gametes of the heterogametic sex have different sex chromosomes; gametes of the homogametic sex have the same sex chromosome.
What gender is manifested in some organisms that have a haploid set?
Males
What gender is manifested in some organisms with a diploid set?
Female
True or false: in some organisms, sex is determined by temperature.
True