Settlements Flashcards
CS Cairo PROBLEMS
Growth of LEDC city
Natural desert destroyed
Farmland - Nile floodplain, 4% fertile
Traffic - slow travel to work
Air pollution: 10x greater than safe level - high blood pressure
Illegal waste dumping in Nile/groundwater
1/2 solid waste collected
Effluent/sewage
Unemployed - homeless
Not enough finances
Slums - illegal developments on Nile floodplain
1/2 million in homemade huts on office roofs
CS Cairo SOLUTIONS
Ring road in centre
Metro for 1 million commuters/day - less cars
Elazar road tunnel - pedestrianised, car-free
Greater Cairo Waste Water Project (removes sewage)
3 new satellite towns:
- Al Obour NEv
- 10th Ramadan new town (300 000 people) NE
Urban sprawl
City expands into surrounding area
Rural-urban fringe
Where town + countryside meet
Greenbelt
Limited residential/industrial developments in rural-urban fringe to prevent continued city growth
Problems of growth to rural-urban fringe
Overcrowding
Inadequate housing
Pressure on services
Unemployment
NOTTINGHAM: Traffic
A60 noise/air pollution
River Trent pollution
Loss of farmland Papplewick village (for new housing)
Habitats + woodland destroyed (deforestation)
LEDC: Sewage into rivers/sea (water pollution)
Air pollution (traffic) - smog (car fumes/factories), health
Habitats destroyed
Noise/visual pollution (traffic)
Acid rain (sulphates from cars)
CS Nottingham landuses
Urban sprawl MEDC
Residential - Asplay estate on Billborough Woods
Transport - airport on Tollerton farm, A46 widened into dual carriageway
Industry - sand quarry (landfill)
Retail park - Ikea
Leisure - golf course, Showcase, Black Orchard night club
CS Nottingham problems
Natural habitats NO2, Carbon particulates + CO (air pollution by traffic) Noise pollution (construction/traffic) Loss of farmland (Papplewick village) Increased journey times (Ruddington)
Unemployed on city edge have more jobs
More leisure choice on rural urban fringe
Out of town shopping centre
Enclosed large building with lots of shops Suburban area: - cheaper land - room to expand - less traffic (easy deliveries) - easy access - more pleasant shopping
Modern, variety, large free car parks, good transport links
CS Metrocentre Gateshead Newcastle
300 shops 40 food places 10 screen cinema Children crèche 150 room hotel 10,000 free car parking spaces 1.3 million people within 1/2hour driven Western by pass (A1), Main railway, River Tyne Room to expand 7 000 jobs Brownfield site (marshland)
Small services/CBD lose business
Deforestation (habitats)
Squatter settlement
City area built by people with any materials found on land
Doesn’t belong to them (illegal)
Lack housing
Rapid population increase / migration
Poverty (unemployed)
Self built (government can’t afford)
Conditions of shanty towns
Disease (no clean water, overcrowded) Lack services (no government help) CO pollution Lack water - 1 tap for 50 families No education Crime + drugs
Low cost housing
Install water/communal taps
Regular garbage collection
Self help schemes (pick up litter in Rocinha)
200 families move in everyday (rapid growth)
Why is CBD in centre
Central transport - roads converge
Most accessible - workers and people/shops/business
Land uses: commercial, residential (apartments), leisure (open parks)
Factories/industry sector radiates from CBD to fringe/suburbs
CS growth of Nottingham
Market developed at bridging point across River Trent
Roads converged from Leicestershire/Nottinghamshire
Knitting/lace industries (1800) on River Leen valley:
- water supplies
- effluent disposal
- extensive railway/canal network (distribute products)
- expansion space + cheap land
- central position: Boots complex SE of city
Bicycles, pharmaceuticals, tobacco
Geographical expansion: industry, more people, more houses, more services (schools, shops, roads)
CS Nottingham traffic congestion
More cars + jobs, limited public transport
Less parking spaces Rush hour congestion CO, NO3, SO2 - asthma 5000 killed/year in UK More accidents (more cars) Expensive new roads Workers arrive late
NET (20 000/day) 7 Park and Ride A46 duel carriageway Congestion charge Higher car tax More bus lanes Pedestrianised
