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Geography IGCSE > Settlement > Flashcards

Settlement Flashcards

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1
Q

Site

A

Lamd where settlement is built on

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2
Q

Situation

A

Settlements position in relation to the surrounding human and physical features

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3
Q

Nucleated

A

All close together, close to neighbours, easy access services, areas with rich agriculture(farmers live in village but near fields)

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4
Q

Dispersed

A

Far apart, where land is poor and ppl need to farm large areas(it would be hard to live in a village within easy distance from land), found in modern settlements with big commercial farms

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5
Q

Linear

A

All in a line, each house can access road, can be along river or line of springs(water supply), put houses next to farmland to not waste theland

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6
Q

Relief

A

Altitude can make temp cold, high areas have bad drainage

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7
Q

Defence

A

Living with many people could help in an attack in history

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8
Q

Soil

A

Fertile soil is important

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9
Q

Resources

A

Oil for money, wood for starting the settlements

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10
Q

Water supply

A

Very important feature of settlement

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11
Q

Accessibility

A

For trade and communication

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12
Q

Market town

A

Farmers buy and sell goods

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13
Q

Port

A

Goods unloaded and loaded by ship

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14
Q

Industrial town

A

Most people living there work in factories

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15
Q

Resort

A

Tourists visit to enjoy

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16
Q

Settlement hierarchy

A
  1. Capital city
  2. Regional centre
  3. Large town
  4. Small town
  5. Village
  6. Hamlet
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17
Q

High order services

A

Services not needed as often, comparison goods

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18
Q

Low order services

A

Services needed often

19
Q

Sphere of influence

A

Area served by a settlement

20
Q

Threshold population

A

Minimum number of potential customers

21
Q

Range

A

Distance people will travel for a service

22
Q

Comparison goods

A

Products purchased infrequently so customers evaluate prices

23
Q

Convenience goods

A

Goods purchased frequently with minimum effort

24
Q

Why do shops and services in a capital’s CBD have large sphere of influence

A

Accessibility, high order services, multiple stores, choice, quality

25
Q

Zone

A

Area with mainly one type of land use

26
Q

Conurbation

A

Large urban area formed when cities and town merge as they grow towards each other

27
Q

Land use

A

Different ways land is used(residential, industry, transport, leisure)

28
Q

Residential

A

Area with houses

29
Q

Burgess model in to out

A

CBD, factories, low class residential, medium class residential, high class residential

30
Q

Where do immigrants tend to move?

A

Inner city with cheap prices

31
Q

Disadvantages of burgess model

A

Mostly America cities, oversimplified, no physical features

32
Q

CBD

A

Central business district

33
Q

Transition zone

A

Area between suburbs and CBD

34
Q

Suburbs

A

Areas near edge of urban area with concentration of residential land use

35
Q

Rural- urban fringe

A

Boundary between rural and urban area

36
Q

Commuter belt

A

Areas of residential land use where people travel to work

37
Q

Greenfield site

A

Land that has never been built on

38
Q

Brownfield site

A

Land that has been built on but left abandoned

39
Q

Greenbelt

A

Protected areas of land around large urban areas

40
Q

Housing density

A

Houses /km2

41
Q

Problems of growing urban area

A

House shortage(demand), visual pollution, urban sprawl(habitat loss, loss of farmland), shanty towns, CBD empty and dangerous in evenings(robbery b/c inequality), CBD areas abandoned

42
Q

Problems of many children in an LEDC

A

Lack of education, unskilled workers, future unemployment, street children (crime)

43
Q

Why people move LEDC-MEDC

A

Unemployment, lack of services, worse healthcare, malnutrition, crime

Geography IGCSE (38 decks)

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