Settlement Flashcards
Who were the first people that settled in Ireland?
When did they a arrive and where did they settle?
The first people who settled in Ireland were the hunter gatherers of mount Sandel.
They arrived in Ireland about 9000 years ago.
They settled beside the river Bann.
When did the Vikings come to Ireland?
Where did they settle?
The Vikings came to Ireland around 800AD.
They came in boats from Scandinavia.
They settled along the coastline at river estuaries.
What did the Normans do?
When did they invade?
Where did they settle?
What did they build?
The Normans invaded Ireland in the 12th century.
They built great castles often along the banks of rivers so they could defend themselves.
They settled mainly in the south and east of Ireland.
Who built monastic settlements?
Monastic settlements were built by monks after St. Patrick brought Christianity to Ireland.
-They were built in remote places like Glendalough.
Other monks cam to Ireland later, such as Franciscans. They came in the 1100s and set up many monastries. These helped the towns to grow.
Give an example of a plantation town and explain how it took place.
The Ulster plantation
In the 16th and 17th centuries the British people came to Ireland to set up towns.
Parts of Ireland were planted or settled by people loyal to the queen of England.
These are known as plantation towns.
Other plantation towns are:
Portlarington, Portlaoise , Youghal and Mallow
Explain the primacy of Dublin
Dublin is a primate city.
A primate city is a city that is twice as big as the second biggest city in the same country.
For example , Dublin is twice as big as Cork so it is a primate city.
How does altitude influence settlement?
Little settlements occur in upland areas as they are too cold, wet and windy. It is also difficult to build in the mountains.
How do rivers influence settlement?
Rivers attract settlement.
In the past they were important for water, transport and food.
How does land quality influence settlement?
Fertile land attracts settlement. This is why more people settled in the south and east of Ireland. The land is less fertile in the west.
Describe settlement in the Netherlands (polders)
The Netherlands is a small country with a population of 16 million people.
It has the highest population density in Western Europe.
The people have reclaimed areas of land from the sea.
This new land is called a polder. Polders have given people new farmland and space to live. (Zuyder Zee project)
How were polders created?
A large dam is built across the mouth of a large coastal inlet.
Water is pumped out of the inlet, making it dry land.
Roads are built and farms are laid out on the land.
People move onto the land.
Describe the functions of a village settlement
Small range of services, groceries, petrol, church, school
Describe the functions of a market settlement
More services than a village
Banking, supermarket, clothes shops.
Describe the functions of a defensive settlement.
Began on easily defended sites. Castle or ruins remain.
Describe the functions of a resource based settlement.
Town develops around coal mine, or other mineral mine.
