Set 9 Flashcards
clink
clink
gantry
gantry
fallow
fallow
wobble
wobble
wizened
wizened
gruff
gruff
truculent
truculent
lather
lather
nettle
nettle
ethereal
ethereal
garish
garish
thrall
thrall
anatomize
anatomize
slough off
slough off
paroxysm
paroxysm
raucous
raucous
thrash
thrash
mutter
mutter
/ˈmʌtə/
verb
1 to speak in a low or barely audible voice, especially in dissatisfaction or irritation
…He muttered something under his breath.
…She was muttering to herself while doing the dishes.
2 to complain or grumble about something in a low voice
…The students muttered about the unfair exam.
…People were muttering about the long wait in line.
noun
1 a low or indistinct speaking voice
…I could only hear mutters from the next room.
…There were angry mutters from the crowd.
2 the act of speaking in a low, unclear voice
…His response was just an angry mutter.
…The meeting ended with disappointed mutters.
> late Middle English: imitative; compare with German dialect muttern.
> Oxford Dictionary of English
craven
craven
seep
seep
cinder
cinder
vacuous
vacuous
give a hoot
give a hoot
jump the shark
jump the shark
hock
hock
siphon
siphon
ram
/ræm/
(v.) to strike or push with great force
The truck rammed into the wall after losing control on the icy road.
horticulture
horticulture
hasten
hasten
wanly
wanly
gullet
gullet
clog
clog
furrow
furrow
shamble
shamble
snuggle
snuggle
cessation
cessation
dollop
dollop
cower
cower
lusty
lusty
portly
portly
snout
/snaʊt/
(n.) the projecting nose and mouth of an animal, especially a mammal like a pig or dog
The dog used its snout to nudge the door open.
ribbing
ribbing
come hell or high water
come hell or high water
trudge
trudge
frisky
frisky
shaft
shaft
prick
prick
jibe
jibe
perch
perch
reproach
reproach
coast
coast
/koʊst/
noun
1 the land near or along a seashore
…They live on the west coast of Korea.
…The fishing villages dot the coast.
2 the border or area where land meets a large body of water
…Ships were visible along the coast.
…They patrolled the coast for smugglers.
verb
Coast also has a verb form that describes an effortless movement, like when you’re riding your bike down a hill and you don’t have to pedal at all. It can also be used figuratively to describe something that’s gained without much difficulty. You might coast to victory in the playoffs when your team wins 8-0 and is never threatened.
1 to move forward using momentum without additional power
…The bicycle coasted down the hill.
…The car coasted to a stop.
2 to proceed easily without special application of effort or concern
2a If a person or a team is coasting, they are doing something easily, especially winning a competition.
…Villa coasted to a win which earned them a third successive league victory. [VERB to noun]
…The company was coasting on the enormous success of its early products. [VERB]
[Also V adv]
2b If you say that someone is coasting, you are emphasizing that they are not putting enough effort into what they are doing.
[emphasis]
…Charles was coasting at school and I should have told him to work harder. [VERB]
> coast (v.2): French also used this word for “hillside, slope,” which led to the English verb meaning “a slide or sled down a snowy or icy hillside,” first attested 1775 in American English. The meaning “sled downhill,” first attested 1834 in American English, is a separate borrowing or a new development from the noun. In bicycle-riding, “descend a hill with the feet off the pedals,” from 1879. Of motor vehicles, “to move without thrust from the engine,” from 1896; figurative use, of persons, “not to exert oneself,” by 1934.
> Collins English Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, Vocabulary.com, Etymonline
speckle
speckle
gangling
/ˈɡæŋɡlɪŋ/
(adj.) tall, thin, and awkward in movement or posture
The gangling teenager stumbled over his own feet as he walked onto the stage.
> “long and loose-jointed,” by 1812, from Scottish and Northern English gang (v.) “to walk, go,” which is a survival of Old English gangan, which is related to gang (n.). The form of the word is that of a present-participle adjective from a frequentative verb (as in fondling, trampling), but no intermediate forms are known. The sense extension would seem to be via some notion involving looseness in walking.
> Etymonline
forbearance
forbearance
flicker
flicker
be duped into doing sth
be duped into doing sth
feeble
feeble
implacable
implacable
make inroads into sth
make inroads into sth
knead
knead
/niːd/
verb
1 to work (dough or other substance) by repeatedly pressing, folding, and stretching
…She kneaded the bread dough until it became elastic.
…The baker kneaded the mixture thoroughly before shaping it.
2 to massage with a pressing and squeezing motion
…The masseuse /mæˈsɜːz $ mæˈsuːz/ kneaded my sore muscles.
…The cat kneaded the blanket with its paws.
3 (figurative) to work something into a particular state or condition
…He kneaded his thoughts into a coherent plan.
…The sculptor kneaded the clay into shape.
> From Middle English kneden, from Old English cnedan, from Proto-West Germanic *knedan, from Proto-Germanic *knudaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gnet- (“to press together”).
> Wiktionary
aqueous
aqueous
embryonic
embryonic
sodden
sodden
buttonhole
buttonhole
cruddy
cruddy
splendor
splendor
drowse
drowse
buckle
buckle
/ˈbʌkəl/
noun
a metal clasp used for fastening belts, shoes, or straps
…He tightened his belt and fastened the buckle.
…The suitcase had a sturdy buckle to keep it closed.
verb
1 to bend or collapse under pressure or strain: WARP, become/make warped, bend, bend out of shape, become/make bent, twist, become/make twisted, curve, become/make curved, distort, become/make distorted, contort, become/make contorted, become/make crooked, deform, become/make deformed, malform, become/make malformed, misshape, become/make misshapen, mangle, become/make mangled, develop a kink/wrinkle/fold, bulge, arc, arch, wrinkle; crumple, collapse, cave in, give way
…The metal beam buckled under the intense heat.
…His knees buckled as exhaustion took over.
2 to give in or surrender to pressure
…She finally buckled under the stress of work.
…He refused to buckle to peer pressure.
3 to fasten or secure with a buckle
…She buckled her seatbelt before the car started.
…He buckled his boots tightly before hiking.
> buckle (n.): from Middle English bokel (“spiked metal ring for fastening; ornamental clasp; boss of a shield; a shield, buckler; (figurative) means of defence”) [and other forms], from Old French boucle, bocle (“spiked metal ring for fastening; boss of a shield; a shield”) [and other forms], from Latin buccula (“cheek strap of a helmet; boss of a shield”) (from bucca (“soft part of the cheek”)).
> buckle (v.1): from French boucler ‘to bulge’.
> Oxford Dictionary of English, Oxford American Writer’s Thesaurus, Wiktionary
ape
ape
spew
spew
stitch
stitch
disgorge
disgorge
/dɪsˈɡɔːdʒ/
verb
1 to discharge, pour out, or release something in large quantities
…The train station disgorged hundreds of commuters.
…The volcano disgorged lava and ash.
2 to give up or surrender something, especially when forced
…The company was forced to disgorge its illegal profits.
…The sea finally disgorged the wreckage.
3 to vomit or eject contents from inside
…The fish disgorged its previous meal.
…The machine disgorged coins after being shaken.
> late 15th century: from Old French desgorger, from des- (expressing removal) + gorge ‘throat’.
> Oxford Dictionary of English
visage
visage
flotilla
flotilla
sententious
sententious
basin
basin
bee’s knees
bee’s knees
in clover
in clover
blot sth out
blot sth out
trepidatious
trepidatious
phony
phony
miser
miser
garble
garble
gall
gall
fender
fender
florid
florid
netherworld
netherworld
coy
coy
/kɔɪ/
1 shy or pretending to be shy in order to attract people’s interest
…She gave him a coy smile.
2 unwilling to give information about something; intentionally keeping something secret
coy about
…Tania was always coy about her age.
coyly adverb
…She smiled coyly at Algie as he took her hand and raised it to his lips.
USAGE NOTES:
Coy implies a pretended shyness.
- put off by her coy manner
> early 14c., “quiet, modest, demure,” from Old French coi, earlier quei “quiet, still, placid, gentle,” ultimately from Latin quietus “free; calm, resting” (from PIE root kweie- “to rest, be quiet”). Meaning “shy, bashful” emerged late 14c. Meaning “unwilling to commit” is by 1961. Related: Coyly; coyness.
> Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Collins English Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, Etymonline
blare
blare
jingoistic
jingoistic
clammy
/ˈklæmi/
(adj.) unpleasantly damp, sticky, or cold to the touch
His hands felt clammy from nervousness before the big presentation.
solder
solder
rancor
rancor
cavernous
cavernous
sapling
sapling
abreast
abreast
flunk
flunk
palsy
palsy
insolent
insolent
tattered
tattered
carnal
carnal
preliminary
preliminary
inadvertently
inadvertently
chip away
chip away
runnel
runnel
cogitation
cogitation
carrion
carrion
scuff
scuff
clunk
clunk
prophylactic
prophylactic
racket
racket
makeshift
makeshift
quiver
quiver
bellow
bellow
yip
yip
blister
blister
hobble
hobble
twinge
twinge
/twɪndʒ/
noun
1 a sudden, sharp, brief pain or pang: PAIN, sharp pain, shooting pain, stab of pain, spasm, ache, throb; cramp, stitch
…She felt a twinge in her back as she lifted the box.
…He experienced occasional twinges in his knee during exercise.
2 a moral or emotional pang; A twinge is a sudden sharp feeling or emotion, usually an unpleasant one: PANG, prick, dart; qualm, scruple, misgiving
…He felt a twinge of guilt about lying to his friend.
…She experienced a twinge of regret about her decision.
verb
1 to feel or cause a sudden sharp pain
…His shoulder twinged when he reached for the top shelf.
…The old injury still twinges in cold weather.
2 to experience a sudden emotional pang
…His conscience twinged as he walked past the homeless person.
…Her heart twinged with jealousy at the sight of the happy couple.
> The verb is derived from Middle English twengen (“to nip, pinch, tweak; to tear at”),[1] from Old English twenġan (“to pinch, squeeze”),[2] from Proto-West Germanic *twangijan (“to pinch, squeeze”), from Proto-Germanic *twangijaną (“to pinch, squeeze”), the causative form of *twinganą (“to press, squeeze”)
> Collins English Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, Oxford American Writer’s Thesaurus, Wiktionary
ostrich
ostrich
on the nose
on the nose
rasp
rasp
/ræsp/
verb
1 to make a harsh grating sound
…The file rasped against the metal.
…His breath rasped in his throat.
2 to scrape or scratch with a rough surface
…She rasped the wood smooth with sandpaper.
…The chef rasped some chocolate over the dessert.
noun
1 a coarse file used for scraping and smoothing
…He used a rasp to shape the horse’s hoof.
…The carpenter reached for his wood rasp.
2 a harsh, grating sound
…There was a rasp in his voice from years of smoking.
…The rasp of machinery filled the factory.
> From Middle English raspen, from Old French rasper, from Frankish *hraspōn, from Proto-Germanic *hraspōną, related to Proto-Germanic *hrespaną (“to tear”). Compare Old High German raspōn (“to gather, rake”), Old English ġehrespan (“to tear”). The noun is from Middle French raspe.
> Wiktionary
rind
rind
balk
balk
gangle
gangle
maudlin
/ˈmɔːdlɪn/
(adj.) overly sentimental, often in a tearful or self-pitying way
After a few drinks, he became maudlin and started reminiscing about his childhood.
> Middle English (as a noun denoting Mary Magdalen): from Middle English forms of the name of Mary Magdalen, probably via Old French, from ecclesiastical Latin Magdalena). The current sense derives from allusion to pictures of Mary Magdalen weeping.
> Oxford Dictionary of English
boggle
boggle
glob
glob
reproachful
reproachful
shrill
shrill
animosity
animosity
valor
valor
calloused
calloused
vanguard
vanguard
randy
randy
stupendous
stupendous
gyp
gyp
bloodshot
bloodshot
utter
utter
onslaught
onslaught
disheveled
disheveled
darning
darning
cogent
cogent
sap
sap
vulpine
vulpine
undulate
undulate
shuck
shuck
damper
damper
effeminate
effeminate
gore
gore
bluster
bluster
bulwark
bulwark
thud
thud
infinitesimal
infinitesimal
cackle
cackle
sprawl
sprawl
cordon off
cordon off
nape
nape
starchy
starchy
spree
spree
gaunt
gaunt
emaciated
emaciated
sinuous
sinuous
scab
scab
timid
timid
leash
leash
croak
croak
gnaw
gnaw
burly
burly
tread/trod/trodden
tread/trod/trodden
belligerent
belligerent
scruffy
scruffy
fitful
fitful
fanny
fanny
nothing short of
nothing short of
coagulate
coagulate
covey
covey
droopy
droopy
seepage
seepage
embankment
embankment
spring sth on sb
spring sth on sb
string sth out
string sth out
stick to the knitting
stick to the knitting
fluorescent
fluorescent
lug
lug
bevy
bevy
pelt
pelt
mantis
mantis
contrarian
contrarian
unfurl
unfurl
obliterate
obliterate
din
din
piteous
/ˈpɪtiəs/
(adj.) deserving or arousing pity; heartbreaking or sorrowful
The abandoned puppy’s piteous whimpers tugged at the heartstrings of everyone who passed by.
wear on
/wer ɒn/
(phr.) to gradually pass, especially in a tedious or tiresome manner; If time wears on, it passes very slowly, especially when you are waiting for something to happen
- I was feeling more tired as the night wore on.
- As the meeting wore on, the participants became increasingly restless and inattentive.
> Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
bunch (v.)
bunch
verb
1 [intransitive, transitive] to stay close together in a group, or to make people do this
…The children bunched together in small groups.
…John stopped, forcing the rest of the group to bunch up behind him.
2 [intransitive, transitive] to make part of your body tight, or to become tight like this
…Sean bunched his fists.
3 [intransitive, transitive] to pull material together tightly in folds
…She bunched the cloth up and threw it away.
4 [transitive] to hold or tie things together in a bunch
> Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
sodden
/ˈsɒdən/
(adj.) thoroughly soaked; saturated
After the heavy rain, his clothes were sodden and clung uncomfortably to his skin.
attenuate
/əˈtɛnjueɪt/
(v.) to reduce in force, effect, or intensity; to weaken
- The medicine helped attenuate the severity of his symptoms.
- The thick walls helped to attenuate the noise from the busy street outside.
dive in
/daɪv ɪn/
(phr.) to start doing something with enthusiasm and without hesitation
Without wasting any time, she decided to dive in and tackle the challenging project.
advisory
advisory
ascetic
ascetic
/əˈsɛtɪk/
adjective
practicing strict self-discipline and abstaining from indulgence, often for religious or spiritual reasons: AUSTERE, self-denying, abstinent, abstemious, nonindulgent, self-disciplined, frugal, simple, rigorous, strict, severe, hair-shirt, spartan, monastic, monkish, monklike; celibate, continent, chaste, puritanical, self-abnegating, otherworldly, mortified
…The monk lived an ascetic life, rejecting all material comforts.
…She adopted an ascetic lifestyle, avoiding luxury and excess.
noun
a person who practices severe self-discipline and abstains from worldly pleasures: ABSTAINER, recluse, hermit, solitary, anchorite, anchoress, desert saint, celibate, puritan, nun, monk
…The ascetic meditated alone in the mountains.
…Throughout history, ascetics have sought spiritual enlightenment through simplicity.
> ascetic (adj.)
1640s, “practicing rigorous self-denial as a religious exercise,” from Latinized form of Greek asketikos “rigorously self-disciplined, laborious,” from asketēs “monk, hermit,” earlier “skilled worker, one who practices an art or trade,” especially “athlete, one in training for the arena,” from askein “to exercise, train,” especially “to train for athletic competition, practice gymnastics, exercise.” The Greek word was applied by the stoics to the controlling of the appetites and passions as the path to virtue and was picked up from them by the early Christians. The figurative sense of “unduly strict or austere” also is from 1640s. Related: Ascetical (1610s).
> Oxford American Writer’s Thesaurus, Etymonline
