SET 6 Flashcards
According to Gordon Dupont, lack of communication, stress, and fatigue are _____________.
reasons humans make mistakes
When does the first phase of size-up begin
long before the incident
What effect do cathedral ceilings have on firefighting operations
They prohibit opening up the ceiling to check for fire extension.
During nonemergency situations, what style of leadership should fire officers normally use
participative
CRM does not advocate or support any abandonment of ______________________.
legitimate authority
If it becomes clear to fire officers that the assigned tasks are ineffective, when should they relay that information to Command
as soon as they realize it
What can a fire officer use to determine evacuation distances
Emergency Response Guidebook
According to NFPA 1710, what is the minimum initial flow required for a fire attack in a 2000 ft² (186 m²) single family dwelling
300 gpm
CRM-enriched environments generate climates that have an impact on the freedom to question. What impact do they have
they encourage it
What leadership style is required for supervision during emergency scene operations
authoritarian
During the initial size-up, what are the development of tactics and strategies based on
resources available
On a class B fire, before beginning foam application, fire officers should determine which kind of foam is needed, and must also _______________________.
determine how much foam will be needed
What is the primary responsibility of fire officers
supervising the company while assigned tasks are being performed
What is CRM
a behavioral modification training system
What can fire officers use to evaluate the strengths of an individual
training exercises
Which of the following belongs with complacency, distraction, and fatigue as a reason humans make mistakes
norms
What is the end result of a good size-up
an incident action plan
The initial size-up at the scene of an incident must often be conducted under a specific intense pressure. What pressure
to do “something”
The more churning there is in the smoke,
the hotter the fire
What is the National Fire Academy fire flow formula based on
square footage
What acronym can be used to assist incident commanders in developing a strategy
RECEO VS
Are search warrants required to collect evidence at a fire scene
No, if conducted while on scene and the evidence is in plain view.
What is Layman’s final step in the five-step process of size-up
develop the plan of operation
In a vehicle fire, what might be suggested by a finding that a relatively new car had its tires removed and replaced with old, worn-out tires
the fire may have been deliberately set
Complete this principle of CRM: Humans create technology; therefore ______________.
it is fallible
What is one of the pivotal components of the synergy of CRM
people
SOPs enable fire companies to work efficiently and ___________________.
in a coordinated fashion
What does phase one of the NFA size-up system deal with
what you know before the incident occurs
What is the first step in Layman’s five step analysis of emergency situations
facts
What is one of the six points of the CRM model that is especially well-suited for the fire service
task allocation
What is the “dirty dozen” in the context of CRM
a set of human factors that contribute to mistakes
How do most fire departments meet the requirement to establish a rapid intervention crew (RIC)
by dispatching an additional fire company
What must a fire officer do after he or she requests a fire investigator to respond to a suspected crime scene
secure the scene
Which of the incident priorities takes precedence over the others
life safety
The focal point of CRM in conflict resolution is to focus on _____________.
what is right
What is an effective listening technique that a fire officer should use during an argument
refrain from commenting until the other person is finished
A good size-up requires officers to look carefully and assess what can be seen, and ___________________ about what cannot be seen.
make reasonable assumptions
What is one of the common human behavior factors that leads to a loss of situational awareness
disregarding information
In an interior attack situation, should fire officers be able to see all their company members at all times
yes
Who is responsible for preventing the contamination of evidence
fire crews on scene
Many fire departments have policies that require incident commanders to request additional resources whenever all the units have been or will be committed. Why
to provide an on scene reserve
How does CRM view human error
as an everyday part of life
What is the last step in conducting an incident review
Write a summary
What is the term used for two to five single resources assembled to accomplish a specific task
task force
_______________ is the successful transfer and understanding of a thought from one person to another.
communication
When is the preliminary fire investigation conducted to determine how a fire started
after the fire is extinguished and before the property is turned back over to the owner
What is one of Helmreich’s three methods for dealing with error
avoidance
What skills promote synergy between the mechanical element and human players
inquiry and advocacy
In addition to naturalistic decision making, what is the other decision-making model fire ground commanders use
recognition primed
During size-up, ___________________ allows fire officers to be able to predict where the fire is burning and where it will spread.
knowledge of fire behavior
What acronym is used for a systematic method of accounting for all personnel at an emergency incident
PAR
CRM advocates speak directly, yet in a manner that does not _____________________.
challenge the authority of a superior
What is the term for a systematic process of gathering and processing information to evaluate the situation and then translating that information into a plan to deal with the situation
size up
What are the two major components of the incident action plan
tactics and strategies
What does the incident commander use to assign resources
tactical priorities and available resources
What does the third consideration of Layman’s situation assessment pertain to
personnel
If a fire uses up the available oxygen and dies down to a smolder, what happens if a fresh oxygen supply is introduced
the fire resumes the fully developed phase
What is the key to using an authoritative style of leadership effectively
developing the trust and confidence of the subordinates before the incident
A discrepancy between what is going on and what should be occurring is often the first indicator of ______________.
an error
How close should fire officers’ supervision of their companies be during actual firefighting operations, as compared to during normal routine duties
it should be closer
What is the term for the division of responsibilities among individuals and teams in a manner that allows for their effective accomplishment
task allocation
According to James Reason, unsafe acts committed by people who are in direct contact with the situation or system are classified as what type of failure
active
What is the first critical factor to consider when developing a strategy
rescue
Which of the following hazard zones presents the highest potential hazard to fire fighters
hot
The level of supervision should be balanced with the nature of the assignment that is being performed and ___________________________.
the experience of the company members
Followers should perform a self-assessment of their ability to function as part of a team. The self-assessment should consider four critical areas: physical condition, mental condition, attitude, and _____________.
understanding human behavior
In what type of buildings do the majority of civilian deaths occur
single family dwellings
What is one of the most significant factors in size-up
visualization
If no formal investigation is done nor fire investigator sent to a scene, who is responsible for determining and reporting fire cause, if anyone
the incident commander
The ability to quickly size-up a fire situation requires solid foundation of reference information and _________________.
a systematic approach
Leaders will always be in charge; however, in order to be effective in a CRM environment, they must also ____________________________.
be open to suggestion and constructive criticism
True respect is based on three competencies: personal, technical, and _______________.
social
How do fire officers exercise leadership of a team
rank and authority
What does the mnemonic device “Wallace was hot” pertain to
size up considerations
Incendiary devices are tangible items that are classified as what type of evidence
demonstrative
