SET-5 (CAR) Flashcards

Question

1. In April 1928, who became viceroy of India? (a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Irwin (c) Lord Minto (d) Lord Hastings

Answer 1

(b) Lord Irwin Lord Irwin became Viceroy of India in April 1928 His time as Viceroy was marked by a number of significant events, including the Simon Commission, the Round Table Conferences, and the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. He was also Viceroy during the Salt March and the Lahore Conspiracy Case. Lord Irwin was a controversial figure, and his time as Viceroy was marked by both successes and failures. He was seen by some as a liberal and progressive Viceroy, while others saw him as a conservative and imperialist. He was also criticized for his handling of the Salt March and the Lahore Conspiracy Case. Despite the controversy, Lord Irwin was a significant figure in the history of India. He was the last Viceroy to serve under the British Raj, and he played a key role in the transition to independence.

Answer 2

(b) Simon Commission Report

Answer 3

(b) Gandhi The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 as a nonviolent protest against British rule in India. The movement was launched in response to a number of grievances, including the salt tax, the system of separate electorates, and the lack of self-government for India. The salt tax was a particularly hated tax, as it was seen as a symbol of British oppression. The system of separate electorates was also seen as discriminatory, as it gave Muslims and other minority groups a separate vote from Hindus. And the lack of self-government meant that Indians had no say in how they were governed. Gandhi believed that the Civil Disobedience Movement was the only way to achieve independence for India. He argued that nonviolent protest was the most effective way to challenge British rule, and he called on Indians to disobey unjust laws and to suffer the consequences of their disobedience without violence.

Answer 4

(c) The British Government

Answer 5

(c) November 1930, London

Answer 6

(d) All of above

Answer 7

(b) Government did not invite

Answer 8

(a) George V

Answer 9

(a) 5th March, 1931 The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, Viceroy of India, on 5 March 1931 before the Second Round Table Conference in London. It marked the end of a period of civil disobedience (satyagraha) in India against British rule that Gandhi and his followers had initiated with the Salt March (March–April 1930). The terms of the pact were as follows: The British government would withdraw all ordinances and prosecutions against those who had participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement. The British government would release all political prisoners, except those guilty of violence. The British government would permit peaceful picketing of liquor and foreign cloth shops. The British government would restore confiscated properties of the satyagrahis. The British government would permit free collection or manufacture of salt by persons near the sea-coast. The British government would lift the ban over the Congress. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was a significant step forward in the Indian independence movement. It showed that the British government was willing to negotiate with the Indian National Congress, and it gave the Congress a platform to present its demands. The pact also led to the release of many political prisoners, and it helped to revive the morale of the Indian people. However, the Gandhi-Irwin Pact was not without its critics. Some people felt that Gandhi had made too many concessions to the British government, and they argued that the pact would not lead to real independence. Others felt that the pact was a betrayal of the ideals of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Despite the criticisms, the Gandhi-Irwin Pact was an important step in the Indian independence movement. It helped to pave the way for the Second Round Table Conference, and it showed that the British government was willing to negotiate with the Indian National Congress. The pact also helped to revive the morale of the Indian people, and it gave them hope for a future of independence.

Answer 10

(a) London The Second Round Table Conference was opened in London, England, on September 7, 1931. It was attended by representatives of the Indian National Congress, the Muslim League, the Hindu Mahasabha, and other Indian political parties. The British government was represented by Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald and other members of the British Cabinet. The main purpose of the Second Round Table Conference was to discuss constitutional reforms for India. The Indian delegations presented their demands for self-government, and the British government made a number of concessions. However, the conference was unable to reach a final agreement, and it adjourned on December 1, 1931. The Second Round Table Conference was a significant step in the Indian independence movement. It showed that the British government was willing to negotiate with the Indian National Congress, and it gave the Congress a platform to present its demands. The conference also helped to revive the morale of the Indian people, and it gave them hope for a future of independence.

Answer 11

(d) Hindu-Muslim Unity The most sensitive issue before the Second Round Table Conference was Hindu-Muslim unity. The Indian National Congress, which represented the majority Hindu population, wanted India to be a secular state with no special privileges for any religion. The Muslim League, which represented the minority Muslim population, wanted a separate state for Muslims, which would later become Pakistan. The British government was also divided on the issue, with some officials supporting the Congress and others supporting the League. In the end, the Second Round Table Conference was unable to reach a consensus on the issue of Hindu-Muslim unity. The conference adjourned without making any progress on the issue, and it would continue to be a major obstacle to Indian independence for many years to come. The most sensitive issue before the Second Round Table Conference was the issue of separate electorates. Separate electorates were a system of elections in which voters were divided into different groups, or electorates, based on their religion, caste, or other social group. This system was introduced in India by the British in the late 19th century, and it was used until the independence of India in 1947. The main purpose of separate electorates was to protect the interests of minority groups. The British believed that if all voters were in the same electorate, the majority group would always win, and the minority groups would be at a disadvantage. However, separate electorates had a number of negative consequences. They led to increased communalism and division, and they made it more difficult for the different groups in India to work together. They also made it more difficult for women to vote, as they were often excluded from separate electorates.

Answer 12

(b) Gandhi

Answer 13

(a) Macdonald The Communal Award was announced by British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald on August 16, 1932. It was also known as the MacDonald Award, and it was announced after the Round Table Conference (1930–32) and extended the separate electorate to depressed Classes (now known as the Scheduled Caste) and other minorities. The separate electorate was introduced in Indian Councils Act 1909 for Muslims and extended to Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians and Europeans by Government of India Act 1919. The Award favored the minorities over the Hindus causing consternation and eliciting anger from Gandhi. From the fastness of Yervada Jail he made contact with the Cabinet in London declaring in September 1932 an open fast until death. The reason behind introduction of Communal Award was that Ramsay MacDonald considered himself as 'a friend of the Indians' and thus wanted to resolve the issues in India. The Communal Award was announced after the failure of the Second of the Round Table Conferences (India). The Award attracted severe criticism from Mahatma Gandhi.

Answer 14

(d) Punjab and Bengal

Answer 15

(b) 17th November, 1932

Answer 16

(c) Sir Agha Khan

Answer 17

(d) Government of India Act, 1935 The Government of India Act 1935 was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom that established a new constitution for British India. The Act was passed in 1935 and came into effect in 1937. The Act divided British India into two parts: a federation and a number of provinces. The federation was to be made up of the provinces of British India and the princely states. The princely states were ruled by hereditary monarchs, who were independent of British rule. However, they were allowed to join the federation if they wished. It established a federal government for British India. It provided for a bicameral legislature for the federation. It established a number of new institutions, including a federal court, a federal public service commission, and a federal finance commission. It gave Indians a greater say in their own government. It paved the way for the independence of India in 1947.

Answer 18

(d) All of above

Answer 19

(b) Federal

Answer 20

(d) Act of 1935

Answer 21

(d) Act 1935

Answer 22

(c) Bombay

Answer 23

(a) It did not posses true nature of federation

Answer 24

(d) Quaid-e-Azam

Answer 25

(d) Act of 1935

Answer 26

Answer 27

(b) Quaid e Azam

Answer 28

(c) Sir Fazal Hussain It was founded by Sir Fazli Husain, Sir Chotu Ram and Sir Sikandar Hayat Khanin 1923 and basically represented the Punjabi zamindar (rural/agrarian)interests.

Answer 29

(b) Unionist Party The Unionist Party won 82 seats out of 84 Muslim seats in the 1946 Punjab Provincial Assembly election. The Unionist Party was a secular party that represented the interests of all communities in Punjab, including Muslims, Hindus, and Sikhs. The party's victory in the 1946 election was a major setback for the Muslim League, which had been campaigning for the creation of Pakistan. The Unionist Party's victory showed that the majority of people in Punjab did not want to see the province divided. However, the party's victory was short-lived. In 1947, the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two independent dominions, India and Pakistan. Punjab was divided along religious lines, with the Muslim-majority areas becoming part of Pakistan and the Hindu- and Sikh-majority areas becoming part of India. The partition of Punjab was a bloody and traumatic event, and it led to the displacement of millions of people

Answer 30

(d) Sir Iskandar Hayat Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan became the Chief Minister of Punjab after the 1937 elections. He was the leader of the Unionist Party, which won a majority of seats in the Punjab Legislative Assembly. Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan was a Muslim, but he was a secular leader who believed in the unity of all communities in Punjab. He was a popular leader, and he was known for his work on education and social reform. He died in office in 1942.

Answer 31

(b) Under Congress rule The azan, or the Muslim call to prayer, was forbidden in the Indian subcontinent under both English and Congress rule. The English banned the azan in 1857, after the Indian Rebellion, and the Congress banned it in 1937, after they came to power in the United Provinces. The azan was also forbidden in some princely states, such as Hyderabad and Bhopal. The azan is a call to prayer that is made five times a day, and it is an important part of Muslim life. The azan is usually made from the minaret of a mosque, and it can be heard throughout the surrounding area. The azan is a call to Muslims to come to prayer, and it is a reminder of their faith. The banning of the azan was a major blow to Muslims in the Indian subcontinent. The azan is an important part of Muslim life, and it is a reminder of their faith. The banning of the azan was seen as an attack on Islam, and it led to a great deal of anger and resentment among Muslims. The azan was eventually allowed again in the Indian subcontinent, but the ban had a lasting impact on Muslim-Hindu relations. The ban was seen as an example of Hindu intolerance, and it contributed to the growing sense of alienation among Muslims in the Indian subcontinent.

Answer 32

(a) Band-a-Matram

Answer 33

(a) Wardha Scheme The Wardha Scheme, also known as the Nai Talim ("New Education") Scheme, was an educational program developed by Mahatma Gandhi in the 1930s. The scheme was based on the principles of self-reliance, simplicity, and national service. It emphasized the importance of vocational training and manual labor, and it sought to promote national unity and social harmony. The Wardha Scheme was implemented in a number of schools and colleges in India, and it had a significant impact on the development of Indian education.

Answer 34

(d) All of above

Answer 35

(b) Gandhi The Vidya Mandir Scheme was an educational program introduced by the Congress Party in the Indian provinces of Central Provinces and Berar in 1937. The scheme was based on the principles of Hindu nationalism, and it sought to promote Hindu culture and values in schools. Under the scheme, students were required to pay respect and homage to a picture of Mahatma Gandhi every day in their school assemblies.

Answer 36

(d) 22 December, 1939 1 The correct answer is (d), 22 December 1939. The Day of Deliverance was a day of celebration observed by the All-India Muslim League and others on 22 December 1939 during the Indian independence movement. It was led by Muslim League president Muhammad Ali Jinnah, and intended to rejoice the resignation of all members of the rival Congress party from provincial and central offices in protest over their not having been consulted over the decision to enter World War II alongside Britain. The Day of Deliverance was marked by public meetings, rallies, and processions in cities and towns across India. In his address to the nation, Jinnah declared that the Day of Deliverance was a "day of rejoicing" for Muslims, and that it marked the beginning of a new era of Muslim unity and solidarity.

Answer 37

(a) Quaid-e-Azam

Answer 38

(d) Sayed Jamal-ud-Din Afghani

Answer 39

(b) 1917 The Khatri Brothers made their proposal for the partition of India in 1918. The proposal was made in the form of a pamphlet entitled "A Scheme for the Partition of India". The pamphlet argued that India should be divided into two separate countries, one for Hindus and one for Muslims. The Khatri Brothers believed that this was the only way to resolve the conflict between Hindus and Muslims in India.

Answer 40

(C) The name of the country was coined in 1933 by Choudhry Rahmat Ali, a Pakistan Movement activist, who published it in a pamphlet Now or Never, using it as an acronym ("thirty million Muslim brethren who live in PAKISTAN") to refer to the names of the five northern regions of the British Raj: Punjab, Afghania, Kashmir, ...

Answer 41

(d) Land of Pure a land abounding in the pure The name Pakistan means literally "a land abounding in the pure" or "a land in which the pure abound", in Urdu and Persian. It references the word پاک (pāk), meaning "pure" in Persian and Pashto.

Answer 42

(c) 23rd March. 1940

Answer 43

(a) Minto Park

Answer 44

(a) Iqbal Park

Answer 45

(c) Quaid-i-Azam

Answer 46

b. 23 March 1940

Answer 47

(c) Fazal-ul-Haq The resolution was moved in the general session by A. K. Fazlul Huq, the chief minister of undivided Bengal, and was seconded by Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman from the United Provinces, Zafar Ali Khan from Punjab, Sardar Aurangzeb Khan from North-West Frontier Province, and Sir Abdullah Haroon from Sindh.

Answer 48

(b) Chaudhry Khaliq-uz-Zaman and Others the Pakistan Resolution, also known as the Lahore Resolution, was a formal political statement adopted by the All-India Muslim League on 23 March 1940, which called for independent Muslim states in the northwestern and eastern zones of British India. The resolution was presented by A. K. Fazlul Huq, the chief minister of undivided Bengal, and was seconded by Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman from the United Provinces, Zafar Ali Khan from Punjab, Sardar Aurangzeb Khan from North-West Frontier Province, and Sir Abdullah Haroon from Sindh.

Answer 49

(a) March 23, 1940

Answer 50

(c) Hindu Leaders

Answer 51

(a) Maulan Zafar Ali Khan

Answer 52

(a) Stafford Cripps

Answer 53

(c) Prominent Member of the War Cabinet of England

Answer 54

(c) March 24. 1942

Answer 55

(b) Cripps

Answer 56

(b) May, 1942

Answer 57

(a) Proposals did not concede Pakistan unequivocally

Answer 58

b) Congress The Indian National Congress (INC) launched the Quit India Movement in 1942 in order to put pressure on the British government to grant India independence. The movement was led by Mahatma Gandhi, and it called for the British to "Quit India" and leave the country. The Quit India Movement was a major turning point in the Indian independence movement, and it helped to bring about the end of British rule in India.

Answer 59

(a) Divide India and go

Answer 60

(a) March 1943

Answer 61

(a) Because it gave more rights to the Muslim

Answer 62

(c) Wavell plan The Wavell Plan was a plan for the future government of India that was proposed by Lord Wavell, the Viceroy of India, in June 1945. The plan called for the creation of a new Executive Council, which would be composed of Indians and British. The plan also called for the creation of a Constituent Assembly, which would be responsible for drafting a new constitution for India. The Wavell Plan was met with mixed reactions. The Indian National Congress (INC) accepted the plan, but the All-India Muslim League (AIML) rejected it. The AIML objected to the fact that the plan did not call for the creation of a separate Muslim state. The Wavell Plan was ultimately unsuccessful. The INC and the AIML were unable to agree on the terms of a new constitution, and the British government eventually decided to partition India into two separate countries, India and Pakistan.

Answer 63

(b) 24th June, 1945

Answer 64

(b) 24th June. 1945

Answer 65

(d) All of above

Answer 66

(b) Lord Linlithgow Lord Linlithgow served as the viceroy of India from 1936 to 1943. His seven years tenure made him the longest-serving Viceroy of India.

Answer 67

(c) Quaid-i-Azam