Session 9: Group Work Flashcards

1
Q

Which bones and therefore walls of the orbit are the weakest and therefore most vulnerable to fracture in orbital trauma?

A

Floor (maxilla)

Medial wall (ethmoid bone)

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2
Q

Why are the bones that you listed most easily fractured?

A

Because they are thin

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3
Q

What structure of the lacrimal appartus is found within the lacrimal fossa and where does it drain into?

A

Lacrimal sac

Drains into the nasolacrimal duct

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4
Q

What structures pass through the optic canal?

A

Optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

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5
Q

What structures passes through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN Va

Trochlear nerve

Oculumotor nerve

Abducens nerve

Superior ophthalmic vein

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6
Q

Name two conditions that can affect the lens.

A

Cataracts

Presbyopia

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7
Q

Label the retinal artery, retinal vein, optic disc and macula.

A
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8
Q

Is this a view of the right or left retina?

How do you know?

A

Right retina

Because the macula is supposed to be found lateral to the optic disc

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9
Q

From which artery have the arterial vessels visible on the retina arisen?

How did this artery get into the back of the eye?

A

Ophthalmic arery via the optic canal.

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10
Q

A man attends the emergency department with a irritable, watery and red right eye. What is the diagnosis and why is the cornea not affected?

A

Conjunctivitis

The conjunctivae is not found on the cornea. It ends at the limbus.

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11
Q

During his eye examination the doctor tests the man’s distance visual acuity using a Snellen Chart.

His VA is recorded as 6/9 in his right eye and 6/12 in his left eye.

What does 6/9 and 6/12 mean, in which eye is VA better?

A

6 meters

Row 9 or row 12 (stands for size of the letters)

6/9 is a better VA

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12
Q

The man normally wears glasses but does not have them with him. The test is repeated using a pinhole and the acuity in both eyes improves.

What does this tell you about the likely cause for his reduced VA?

Explain your reasoning.

A

That the problem is a refractory problem.

During pinhole testing the light is focused on one point and doesn’t need to be refracted into the retina to focus.

This gives a clearer image if your visual problems are due to refractory problems.

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13
Q

Explain briefly clinical examination of the eye.

A

IVA FROM

I - inspection (general)

VA - Visual acuity

F - Visual fields

R - Light and accommodation reflexes

O - Ophthalmoscope

M - Motor function

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14
Q
A
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