Session 7: Cattle Management Flashcards
How to calculate FECR?
[(b4 treatment- after treatment)/ before treatment] X100
- The feedstore just received a 26/22 milk replacer to sell. What would the 26 indicate.
a. % of DM which is Fat
b. % of DM which is Protein
c. % of DM which is Lactose
b. % of DM which is Protein
- Your client wants a weaning protocol from you. Which of the following would be an acceptable protocol?
a. Weaning can begin by 21 days of age when the calf is eating 2 kg of hay.
b. Weaning should start when the calf has an average daily gain (ADG) of 1.75 lb./day
c. Weaning should be a gradual reduction of milk intake over at least two weeks.
d. Weaning should occur with the immediately removal of the calf from the cow
c. Weaning should be a gradual reduction of milk intake over at least two weeks.
:The rumen will not be functional by 21 days of age, and the animals should be eating 1 kg of grain, not hay. Hay will not allow for sufficient growth of the rumen papilla. Ideally the calf should gain 1.75 lb/day for the weaning period. Weaning the calf by immediately removal of the calf from the cow is not ideal since it will increase the stress and potentially increase the risk of disease. Weaning over a minimum of 2 weeks will allow for the calf to transition onto feed without losing weight.
- Your dairy client is considering feeding hospital milk to the baby calves. Which of the following statements would be a recommendation from you?
a. Endorse purchasing a pasteurizer before feeding the waste milk from the hospital to the calves.
b. Endorse the idea of feeding waste milk without checking the total solids
c. Suggest not including the transitional milk to be fed which has a higher fat and protein content than milk
a. Endorse purchasing a pasteurizer before feeding the waste milk from the hospital to the calves.
Waste milk will have an increase amount of pathogen’s (and endotoxins). Due to the pathogens pasteurizing would be recommended. Total solids are variable in waste milk. Feeding transitional milk would be beneficial especially to the animals 2-3 days old
- You drive by your herd of cattle and notice flies covering the back of the animals. Which of the following flies will spend most of its adult life on cattle?
a. Stable fly
b. Horse fly
c. Horn fly
c. Horn fly
Horn flies will only leave cattle to lay it’s eggs in manure. Female horse flies (Tabanids) only feed on cattle to be able to lay eggs. Stable flies will spend some time on flowers.
- You are called out to a heifer ranch to investigate a diarrhea outbreak in 4 day old calves. Within 24 hours you develop diarrhea. Which of the following pathogens would be on the Dr’s DDX?
a. Coccidia
b. Cryptosporidium
c. Ostertagia ostertagia
d. cooperia
b. Cryptosporidium
The calves are not old enough to be infected and shedding of Coccidia. Cryptosporidium will be able to infect immediately after being shed. O. ostertagia and Cooperia are trematodes in cattle but are not zoonotic.
- Which of the following would NOT be a part of a parasite control program.
a. Increase the frequency of administrating anthelmintics
b. Performing a Fecal Egg Reduction Test
c. Administering the correct dose of ivermectin and albendazole at the same time to selected animals
d. Purchasing livestock from a source practicing refugia
a. Increase the frequency of administrating anthelmintics
Increase frequency of administrating anthelmintics will not decrease anthelmintics resistance(AR) but increase it. Performing a FERT will determine which anthelmintic has efficacy. Administering the two anthelmintics from different class of drugs will reduce the amount of parasites and decrease (AR) while allowing the non-selected animals to propagate non-AR parasite. Purchasing livestock from a source practicing refugia will allow for parasites to enter the premise which are not AR.
- You move to Iowa to become a mixed animal veterinarian. The local cattle association wants you to speak on the economic loss associated with nematodes. Which of the following would be an economic loss from nematode infection?
a. Liver abscess due to Fasciola hepatica migrations
b. Hide quality due to Hypoderma infection
c. Milk production loss
d. Calf diarrhea from Giardia
c. Milk production loss
Fasciola hepatica is a liver fluke which is a TREMATODE. Hypoderma is not a nematode but insect. Milk loss can occur from parasite infection. Giardia is a protozoa.
- Which one of the following protein sources would be less digestible in pre-ruminant calves?
a. whey
b. plasma protein
c. milk protein
d. soy-based protein
d. soy-based protein
Whey and milk protein are milk proteins and easily digestible to pre-ruminant calves because this is produced by cows. Plasma protein has shown to be as digestible as MP and whey. Soy based protein is not as digestible.
- Which of the following is NOT considered a core vaccine/bacterin in cattle according to AABP?
a. BHV-1
b. BVD
c. C. haemolyticum
d. BRSV
c. C. haemolyticum
d. BRSV
AABP consider IBR, BVD, PI3, BRSV and clostridium chauvoei (black leg)
- Which of the following types of vaccine will have an adjuvant to increase an immune response?
a. Modified-live Virus vaccine
b. Killed Virus
c. Attenuated vaccine
answer: b Killled
rationale: MLV do not require an adjuvant. Attenuated vaccine is still a live virus but altered chemically.
