Session 5 & 6: Cattle GI Flashcards
You are called to see a cow that is bloated, and you suspect vagal indigestion is the cause. Which of the following would be the least likely cause of the vagal indigestion?
a. Abomasal volvulus
b. Esophageal trauma
c. Ethmoid sarcoma
d. Advanced gestation
e. Bronchopneumonia
c. Ethmoid sarcoma
- Acute ruminal bloat can be caused by frothy or free-gas bloat. Which of the following is incorrectly paired with a possible etiology?
a. Frothy bloat; sudden availability of high protein forages
b. Frothy bloat; sudden availability of high protein grains
c. Free-gas bloat; hypocalcemia
d. Free-gas bloat; traumatic reticuloperitonitis
b. Frothy bloat; sudden availability of high protein grains
- Abomasal ulcers in cattle are most common in the first 4-6 weeks of lactation and can be perforating or bleeding. Which of the following is incorrectly paired with the diagnostic option?
a. Perforating ulcer; abdominal paracentesis
b. Perforating ulcer; ultrasound
c. Bleeding ulcer; fecal occult blood test
d. Bleeding ulcer; abdominal paracentesis
d. Bleeding ulcer; abdominal paracentesis
- You are called to a feedlot that has a whole pen of cattle showing various clinical signs. There are cattle that died suddenly, cattle with neurologic signs, cattle showing respiratory distress and a lot of lame cattle. You immediately tell the owner you suspect a grain overload situation. Which of the following would not be one of your recommended treatments?
a. Administer water via ororuminal stomach tube
b. Feed lots of roughage (hay) to increase saliva production
c. Penicillin for 5 days
d. IV fluids with bicarbonate
a. Administer water via ororuminal stomach tube
- After you have finished dealing with the grain overload situation, the owner wants to sit down with you to understand how to prevent this from happening again. Which of the following is not a good recommendation to help prevent grain overload at this feedlot?
a. Allow new animals time to adapt to high carb rations upon arrival
b. Ensure adequate bunk space to allow continuous intakes throughout the day
c. Avoid long intervals between feedings, leading to slug feeding
d. Ensure grains are finely ground to avoid animals sorting them out of the ration
d. Ensure grains are finely ground to avoid animals sorting them out of the ration
Which of the following is correct regarding winter dysentery in cattle?
a. Treatment includes supportive therapy only, including fluid therapy and electrolytes
b. Mortality of affected animals may approach 85-100%
c. Antibiotic selection should be made based on culture and sensitivity results
d. Culture is the most sensitive method for diagnostic testing
a. Treatment includes supportive therapy only, including fluid therapy and electrolytes
Lumpy jaw cow:
7. Which of the following is incorrect regarding this lesion?
a. Actinomyces bovis is the cause of this granulomatous infection
b. Cytology of the aspirated fluid would show gram negative rod bacteria
c. Radiographs of this lesion would show osteomyelitis and periosteal bone proliferation
d. Sodium iodide IV and long-term antibiotics are the treatment of choice for this lesion
b. Cytology of the aspirated fluid would show gram negative rod bacteria
- Which of the following management practices would not help reduce the spread of infectious enteric pathogens in adult cattle?
a. Maintaining a clean environment
b. Using different farm equipment for scraping manure and feeding animals
c. Allowing calves to stay longer with their dam in order to consume more colostrum
d. Vaccination
c. Allowing calves to stay longer with their dam in order to consume more colostrum
- You are called to see a calf that is 2 days old and has died acutely overnight. The manager says this calf was fine yesterday and drinking milk well. When you necropsy the calf, you find severe hemorrhagic enterocolitis and are suspicious of a clostridium perfringens Type C disease. Why could this calf be at higher risk of Type C disease?
a. The dam was not vaccinated against Clostridial alpha toxins
b. Decreased gastrointestinal motility allowed an overgrowth of C. perfringens in the abomasum
c. This calf was fed large quantities of highly soluble carbs
d. Type C produces beta toxin and colostrum contains trypsin inhibitors
d. Type C produces beta toxin and colostrum contains trypsin inhibitors
- The manager (from Q9) wants to prevent this from happening again in the future. How could we help protect this 2-day old calf from Clostridium perfringens Type C disease?
a. Immunize the dam to provide lactogenic immunity against beta toxin
b. Immunize the dam to provide lactogenic immunity against alpha toxin
c. Provide the calf with an oral vaccine at the time of birth
d. Add trypsin powder to the colostrum
a. Immunize the dam to provide lactogenic immunity against beta toxin
Calf diarrhea time line
Dehydration status of cows.
How do we measure? What treatment?
Alkalizing agents?
Acetate
propionate
Bicarb
where do we test the skin tent?
B. Depressed, eyes sunken 2-4mm, skin tent 1-3 sec
Skin tent over the eye
You believe this 6-day old calf is experiencing metabolic acidosis due to D-lactic acidosis. Which of the following is incorrect regarding D-lactate acidosis?
L-Lactate can be broken down
give IV bicarb and they look better!!
This 7% dehydrated calf has a weak suckle reflex, diarrhea and is standing, which of the following would be our best option to begin fluid therapy?
A. If they are still standing, then they will still suckle. If weak then tube oral fluids
- When choosing an oral electrolyte solution (OES) for this calf, there are certain ideal properties we should look for. It is essential that any OES we use contains alkalizing agent. Which of these is INCORRECT?
D. Bicarb is alkylating agent. Bring the pH UP not DOWN (acidify)
- Which of the following is incorrect about Strong Ion Theory?
B. If you loose negative ions, your plasma will be more basic (alkalotic)
A. because there is both L & D lactate isomer
B. it IS a weak alkanizer
C. SID IS 0
D. you cannot add bicarb to LRS because it precipitates
D. Calves are SKINNY not born with much fat
Need more fat in diet OES do NOT have FAT
Do NOT pull for more than 12 hrs!! (negative energy balance)
C- hypertonic saline IV (increase CO) should be followed by oral electrolytes
DO NOT give down cow hypertonic because she can’t get up to get water
D metabolic ACIDOSIS w/ diarrhea
C
