Session 4 Flashcards
0
Q
What is the significance of an envelope in viruses?
A
- Viruses with envelopes are more easily sterilised as they cannot survive if the envelope has holes
1
Q
What is the significance of genome composition in viruses?
A
- RNA viruses are more likely to mutate as RNA a is less stable
2
Q
What is the significance of the replication strategy of viruses?
A
- RNA viruses use reverse transcriptase (eg HIV)
- DNA viruses use host cell machinery (eg HPV)
- Viruses can carry their own replication enzymes
3
Q
Give examples of DNA enveloped viruses
A
- Hepatitis B (inflamed liver)
- Herpes (oral/genital)
- Smallpox (smallpox)
4
Q
Give an example of a DNA non-enveloped virus
A
- HPV (warts/cervical cancer)
5
Q
Give examples of RNA enveloped viruses
A
- HIV (AIDS)
- Rubella (rash/congenital rubella syndrome)
- Rotavirus (diarrhoea)
- Coronavirus (SARS)
6
Q
Give examples of RNA non-enveloped viruses
A
- Polio (Inflammation of spinal chord)
- Haepatitis B (liver disease)
7
Q
What are different habitats occupied by microbes?
A
- Air
- Soil
- Bodily fluids
- Animals
- Plants
- Humans
8
Q
Define reservoir
A
- Any person, animal, plant, soil, substance in which an infectious agent lives/multiplies
9
Q
Define source
A
- Readily available form of infection agent
10
Q
Define mode of transmission
A
- Ingestion
- Inhalation
- Physical contact
- Inoculation
- Sexual transmission
11
Q
Define carriage
A
- Passage taken by microorganism eg nasal/throat
12
Q
Define Normal flora
A
- Non-pathogenic bacteria naturally found in our bodies eg in the gut
13
Q
Define Commensal
A
- Symbiotic relationship where one species derives benefit (microbes) and the other is unaffected (host)
- This is the time where the microbe may be replicating or waiting for the immune system to become compromised
