Session 4 Flashcards
what are the majority of leading causes of death in the US today
noncommunicable diseases/conditions
during which stage of the epidemiological transition are infectious disease outbreaks still occurring but they are usually not widespread and the crude death rate begins to drop
age of declining pandemics
which stage of the epidemiological transition is characterized by people living longer with chronic conditions due to improved environmental, behavioral, and medical conditions and the appearance of diseases such as Zika
age of delayed degenerative disease and emerging infectious disease
what is the leading cause of death for young adults, including college-aged students
unintentional injuries
what are the 4 determinants of health
- biological
- behavioral
- socioeconomic
- environmental
what is the shift of determinants of health over our lifespan
- individual traits/biology
- individual behavior
- social, family, and community networks
- living and working conditions
- social, economic, cultural, health, and environmental conditions
what are the biological determinants of health
- age, sex, genetics, biochemistry
- things attributed to DNA
what 4 things are sex and genetics tied to
- longevity
- hormones
- reproduction
- susceptibility or protective factors related to certain conditions or diseases
what are the behavioral determinants of health
- tobacco use
- alcohol consumption
- use of illicit drugs
- physical activity
- dietary behaviors
- sexual practices
what are the socioeconomic determinants of health
- education
- income and wealth
- employment
- housing and neighborhood
what percent of individual health status does socioeconomic determinants of health contribute
40%
what are the 2 categories of environmental determinants of health
- physical
- built
what are the physical environmental determinants of health
- outdoor air quality
- H2O quality
- toxic substances
- hazardous waste
- climate/weather events
- pollution
what are the built environmental determinants of health
- homes (lead paint, structural soundness)
- communities/infrastructure (sidewalks, roads, transport, sanitation, food access)
what is the difference between natural and anthropogenic pollution
- natural: happens in nature (fires, vog)
- anthropogenic: caused by humans (cars, energy production and use)
