Session 13

Question 1

what is the ability to connect any person to another, even across the world

Answer 1

• 6-degrees of separation

Question 2

what do lines represent in social network analysis diagrams

Answer 2

• connections
• links
• relationships between nodes

Question 3

describe typhoid mary

Answer 3

• carrier of typhoid bacteria
• was a cook for many rich families who all ended up getting typhoid after hiring her
• was quarantined for a while
• never got a full explanation about her situation, she was just told to not cook anymore
• ended up cooking for people again and causing another outbreak
• was then quarantined for 23 years until she died

Question 4

define public health ethics

Answer 4

• principles and values that guide our actions so we can promote health and prevent injury and disease among the population
• balancing what is good for the entire population vs the individual

Question 5

what two things is public health ethics

Answer 5

• field of study
• field of practice

Question 6

explain public health ethics as a field of study

Answer 6

• understanding and clarifying principles and values which guide public health actions
• principles and values are used to justify decision making

Question 7

explain public health ethics as a field of practice

Answer 7

• application of relevant principles and values to public health decision making

Question 8

explain how one would apply public health ethics to a dilemma

Answer 8

• identify and clarify the ethical dilemma posed
• analyze it in terms of alternative courses of action and their consequences
• resolve the dilemma by deciding which course of action BEST incorporates and balances the guiding principles and values

Question 9

do all issues in public health have the same priorities for ethics

Answer 9

• no

Question 10

what are the 12 principles of the ethical practice of public health

Answer 10

• address fundamental causes to prevent adverse health outcomes
• respect the rights of individuals
• ensure input from community members
• advocate and work for empowerment of community members and accessible health to all
• seek information that protects and promotes health
• provide communities with information and get community consent
• act in a timely manner
• respect diverse values, beliefs, and cultures
• enhance the physical and social environment
• protect confidentiality
• professional competence
• engage in collaborations and affiliations to build the public’s trust

Question 11

define public health law

Answer 11

• provides authority to take action
• constitutions, treaties, statutes, regulations, common law

Question 12

what are the roles of each branch of government in public health

Answer 12

• legislative (congress and senate): enacts laws and statutes
• executive (president): enforces laws and regulations, enacts executive orders, treaties, and regulations
• judicial (courts): interprets laws in resolving disputes

Question 13

describe the jacobson vs massachusetts court case

Answer 13

• related to the 1902 smallpox outbreak
• jacobson refused vaccination and was fined $5
• ended with state statutes compelling vaccinations
• supreme court found that a community can protect itself against an epidemic that threatens the safety of its members

Question 14

explain the difference between public health ethics and public health law

Answer 14

• ethics: less formal, justifiable positions based on ethical reasoning
• law: formal, based on standards