Session 11 - Inflammation Underlying Mechanism Flashcards
What is the term omega 3 a descriptor of?
A family of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)
What are Omega 3’s converted into?
EPA & DHA (Oily fish, krill oi, algae oil)
What are Omega 6’s converted into?
Arachidonic acid (meat, poultry, eggs)
Name Eicosanoids
Leukotrienes
Thromboxanes
Prostaglandins
True or False - Eicosanoids cause inflammation?
True - They also play a role in immune function by regulating inflammation and encouraging the body to fight infection
What are the enzymes involved in the synthesis of eicosanoids?
Cyclo-oxygenase, Lipoxygenases (Omega 3 & 6 use similar pathways)
What are the nutrients required for delta 6 desaturase activity?
Mg, Zn, B3, B6, Vitamin c
T/F Omega 3 and 6 derived eicosanoids have opposing physiological effects
True
Omega 6 derived arachidonic acid produces eicosanoids in series 2 and 4. Omega 3 derived EPA produces eicosanoids in the 1 and 3 series
What is the eicosanoid responsible for the physical signs of inflammation?
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) - increases vasodilation, vascular permeability, potentiates pain and induces fever
Which group of eicosanoids is implicated in the mediation of allergies, asthma and IBD?
Leukotrienes are a family of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators implicated in the mediation of allergies, asthma and IBD
Which nutrients are proven arachidonic acid inhibitors?
EPA
Vitamin E
T/F - Tumour necrosis factor (TNA a) is a prostaglandin
False - it is a cytokine
T/F - Tumour necrosis factor (TNA a) is a prostaglandin
False - it is a cytokine
Which foods are well known COX inhibitors?
Ginger
Garlic
Onion
Pineapple
What are some of the functions of essential fatty acids?
Incorporated into phospholipids and become integral part of cell membrane.
DHA - essential role in retina and neuronal cells, CNS
Neuronal and sensory system development in children.
T/F Omega 6 and 3 have opposing effects on body’s inflammatory cascade
True
Essential fatty acids are precursors to production of inflammatory mediators know as?
Eicosanoids
A family of lipophillic local chemical mediators that are arachidonic acid derivatives are what?
C Prostaglandins
Thromboxane
Leukotrienes
What is prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) known to produce in the body?
Physical signs of inflammation:
- vasodilation and vascular permeability
- hyperalgesic (potentiates pain)
- Fever
What are resolvins?
A group of molecules derived from omega 3 fatty acids. Allows inflamed tissues to return to homeostasis. Imperative in active termination of inflammation.
What eicosanoids account for physical signs of inflammation?
LX4
PGE2
T/F Excessive production of series 4 leukotrienes can cause psoriasis
True
Resolvins and lipoxins production in human cells may be enhanced by consumption of?
Omega 3
High BMI / hip to waist ratio means what
They have inflammation
Possible insulin resistance
Family history builds on understanding of being prone to high blood pressure, artherosclerosis etc.
