Session 11 - Gross Anatomy of the Stomach

Question 1

At what vertebral level does the oesophagus pass through the diaphragm?

Answer 1

T10

Question 2

Which structure(s) passes through the diaphragm alongside the oesophagus?

Answer 2

Vagal trunks

Inferior oesophageal artery and vein

Question 3

Draw and name the parts of the stomach.

Answer 3

:-)

Question 4

From where does the stomach receive its nerve supply?

Answer 4

● Parasympathetic fibres via the vagus nerves (cranial nerve X).
● Sympathetic fibres via the greater splanchnic nerve, T5-T9.

Question 5

What structure attaches the stomach to the liver?

Answer 5

Lesser omentum.

Question 6

Which structures lie in front of the stomach?

Answer 6

Left lobe of the liver and the anterior abdominal wall.

Question 7

Which structures lie behind the stomach?

Answer 7

● The lesser sac.

● Posterior to the lesser sac lies the pancreas and diaphragm.

Question 8

What is a porto-systemic anastomosis?

What can it cause that’s an emergency clinically?

Answer 8

It is a communication between the portal venous system and systemic
veins.

Fatal bleeding

Question 9

There is a blockage in the hepatic portal vein system so blood cannot get to the liver
Therefore there is a porto-systemic anastomosis system that is available that can still act to return blood from the intestines to the heart

What two veins anastomose that can bring this blood back to the heart?

What is the full travelling stages of the blood in this psa system back to the heart?

Answer 9

Left gastric - Oesophageal

Superior mesenteric vein 
->
Left gastric vein 
-> 
Esophageal vein 
-> (Travels up the oesophagus)
Azygous system / Azygous vein
-> 
Superior vena cava
-> 
Right atrium of the heart