Session 11

Question 1

Let’s choose a woman.

Answer 1

Let’s pick/choose a woman.

Question 2

phe‧nom‧e‧non W3 AC / fɪˈnɒmənən, fɪˈnɒmɪnən $ fɪˈnɑːmənɑːn, -nən / noun ( plural phenomena / -nə / ) [ countable ]

Answer 2

1 something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand
phenomenon of
the growing phenomenon of telecommuting
Homelessness is not a new phenomenon .
natural/historical/social etc phenomenon
Language is a social and cultural phenomenon.
2 something or someone that is very unusual because of a rare quality or ability that they have

Question 3

cri‧te‧ri‧on W2 AC / kraɪˈtɪəriən $ -ˈtɪr- / noun ( plural criteria / -riə / ) [ countable usually plural ]

Answer 3

a standard that you use to judge something or make a decision about something :
the criteria we use to select candidates
criterion for
the criteria for measuring how good schools are
Academic ability is not the sole criterion for admission to the college.
a universal set of criteria for diagnosing patients
meet/satisfy/fulfil criteria
To qualify for a grant, students must satisfy certain criteria.

Question 4

to burn candle at both ends

Answer 4

work from dawn to dusk

Question 5

Sign a contract

Answer 5

Sign a contract

Question 6

Be determined to do sth

Answer 6

مصمم بودن برای انجام کاری

Question 7

one of + plural countable noun

Answer 7

one of my friends

Question 8

de‧ter‧mined W3 / dɪˈtɜːmənd, dɪˈtɜːmɪnd $ -ɜːr- / adjective

Answer 8

1 having a strong desire to do something, so that you will not let anyone stop you :
Gwen is a very determined woman.
determined to do something
She was determined to win.
determined (that)
He was determined that the same mistakes would not be repeated.

Question 9

sanc‧tion 1 / ˈsæŋkʃ ə n / noun

Answer 9

1 sanctions [ plural ] official orders or laws stopping trade, communication etc with another country, as a way of forcing its leaders to make political changes → embargo
sanctions against
US sanctions against Cuba
a resolution to impose sanctions (= start using sanctions ) on North Korea
the threat of trade sanctions
The UN Security Council may impose economic sanctions .
Any talk about lifting sanctions (= ending them ) is premature.

Question 10

bribe 2 noun [ countable ]

Answer 10

1 money or a gift that you illegally give someone to persuade them to do something for you :
The officials said that they had been offered bribes before an important game.
accept/take a bribe
A Supreme Court judge was charged with taking bribes.
2 something special offered to someone, especially a child, in order to persuade them to do something

Question 11

co‧her‧ent AC / kəʊˈhɪərənt $ koʊˈhɪr- / adjective

Answer 11

1 if a piece of writing, set of ideas etc is coherent, it is easy to understand because it is clear and reasonable :
The three years of the course are planned as a coherent whole.
a coherent account of the incident
2 if someone is coherent, they are talking in a way that is clear and easy to understand :
انسجام

Question 12

choir / kwaɪə $ kwaɪr / noun [ countable ]

Answer 12

1 a group of people who sing together for other people to listen to → choral :
He joined a church choir at the age of eight.
2 [ usually singular ] the part of a church in which a choir sits during religious ceremonies

Question 13

ˌteacher’s ˈpet noun [ singular ]

Answer 13

informal a child who everyone thinks is the teacher’s favourite student and is therefore disliked by the other students

Question 14

gaffe / ɡæf / noun [ countable ]

Answer 14

an embarrassing mistake made in a social situation or in public SYN faux pas :
The consul’s comments were a major diplomatic gaffe.

Question 15

a‧pol‧o‧gy S3 / əˈpɒlədʒi $ əˈpɑː- / noun ( plural apologies )

Answer 15

1 [ uncountable and countable ] something that you say or write to show that you are sorry for doing something wrong
apology for
The minister had to issue a formal public apology for his remarks.
apology from
She finally received an apology from the company.
apology to
an apology to passengers for any inconvenience caused
2 apologies [ plural ] a message that you send to a meeting to say that you will not be able to come to the meeting :
Edward can’t be here today, but he sends his apologies .
3 make your apologies to say that you are sorry but you have to leave :
I quickly made my apologies and left.
4 make no apology for something to not say that you are sorry for something, because you do not regret it and you think it is the right thing to do :
We make no apology for defending our members’ interests – that is our job.

Question 16

out‧weigh / aʊtˈweɪ / verb [ transitive ]

Answer 16

to be more important or valuable than something else :

The benefits of the scheme outweigh the disadvantages.

Question 17

pro‧vid‧ing S2 / prəˈvaɪdɪŋ /

Answer 17

( also proˈviding that ) conjunction
used to say that something will only be possible if something else happens or is done SYN provided :
You can borrow the car, providing I can have it back by six o’clock.

Question 18

0 condition

Answer 18

If you eat too much, you gain weight.
If you drink a lot of coffee, you need a coffee maker.
If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.

Question 19

1 condition

Answer 19

If you work harder, you will succeed.
If it rains, we will stay home.
If you don’t listen to me, I will punish you.
If I feel well, I will attend the class next session.
If I am O.K, I will come to the class.

Question 20

Jane will pass the exam if she works hard.

Answer 20

Jane will not pass the exam unless she works hard.

Question 21

If it rains, we won’t go out.

Answer 21

We will go out unless it rains

Question 22

1. Unless

Answer 22

o You are not allowed to drive unless you have a driver’s license.
o I cannot obtain a high score in IELTS unless I study hard.
o You are not allowed to watch this film unless you are over

Question 23

provided/providing (that)

Answer 23

o I give my daughter a 10-dollar allowance weekly provided (that) she behaves herself.
o You can drive provided you have a driver’s license.
o I will cook dinner providing we have all the ingredients.

Question 24

some review

Answer 24

If it rains, we won’t go out.
We will go out unless it rains.
Unless you get 7 score, you cannot /won’t be able to gain admission to this university.
She uses the library as much as she can.
He dislikes participating in lectures which aren’t related to his major.

Question 25

succeed ….

Answer 25

in

Question 26

key to success

Answer 26

کلید موفقیت

Question 27

perseverance

Answer 27

persever with پشتکار

Question 28

influence of

Answer 28

تاثیر