Session 1-Structure And Function Of The CVS Flashcards
What is the pericardium?
Fibroserous sac enclosing the heart and roots of the great vessels
What are the two layers of the pericardium?
1) Strong outer fibrous layer = PARIETAL PERICARDIUM
2) Inner serosal layer = VISCERAL PERICARDIUM
What does the pericardial fluid allow?
Allows the heart to beat in a minimal-friction environment
Where is the pericardial fluid found?
Between the visceral and parietal layers
Complete the sentence:
The pericardium is attached to the _______ and the ____________ portions of the right and left pleurae.
Sternum
Mediastinal
Which great vessels emanate superiorly from the pericardium? (3)
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Superior vena cava
Which great vessel projects through the pericardium inferiorly?
Inferior vena cava
What forms the apex of the heart?
Tip of the left ventricle
Where does the apex of the heart point?
Inferiorly, anteriorly and to the left
What forms the base or posterior surface of the heart and where does it lie?
Atria (mainly the left) and lies between the lung hila
What shapes the anterior surface of the heart?
Right atrium and ventricle
What forms the inferior surface of the heart?
Both ventricles, primarily the left
What is the diaphragmatic surface?
The surface of the heart that lies along the diaphragm
What are the two basic “rules” of normal cardiac anatomy?
1) right-sided structures lie mostly anterior to their left-sided counterparts
2) atrial chambers are located mostly to the right of their corresponding ventricles
