Session 1-Intro To The CVS Unit Flashcards
Why do we need a CVS?
All living cells are metabolically active and larger organisms need a system for getting oxygen and nutrients close to the cells
What type of blood is the left ventricle filled with?
Oxygenated
What are capillaries composed of?
Single layer of endothelial cells surrounded by basal lamina
What does the rate of diffusion depend on?
1) Surface area
2) Diffusion ‘resistance’
3) Concentration gradient
What is capillary density?
Physiological measure that takes cross section of muscle and counts the number of capillaries contained within
True or false: metabolically active cells have a higher capillary density
TRUE
Complete the sentence:
Area for exchange between capillaries and tissues is generally very _______ and depends on ____________ __________
Large
Capillary density
A substance which is used by tissues will have a lower concentration in capillary blood than arterial blood. How much lower depends on which two factors?
1) rate of use by the tissue
2) rate of blood flow through the capillary bed
What is the rate of blood flow known as?
Perfusion rate
What is the minimum normal blood flow in an average person?
5 l.min-1
During exercise, what can the blood flow rise to?
25 l.min-1
What can happen if excess fluid builds up in the pericardial space?
Compress the heart due to inextensible fibrous pericardial layer and this can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE
How can fluid be removed to relieve compression?
Pericardiocentesis
What type of arteries are coronary arteries?
End arteries
What are coronary arteries prone to?
Atheroma
