SESIÓN 14 BACILLUS. Flashcards
•Mencionará la clasificación de las especies de importancia médica. •Describirá las características estructurales y fisiológicas. •Describirá los factores de virulencia que intervienen en la patogenia e inmunidad. •Mencionará los aspectos epidemiológicos. •Describirá los cuadros clínicos producidos por estos microorganismos. •Mencionará los métodos diagnósticos de laboratorio. •Mencionará el tratamiento, prevención y control.
1
Q
The 2 medically important genera of the Bacillaceae family.
A
- The Bacillus and Clostridium.
2
Q
What 2 species of the Bacillus family is medically relevant?
A
- The B. anthracis and B. cereus
3
Q
What is the main difference in a culture between B. anthracis and B.cereus?
A
- B. anthracis is nonmotile and B.cereus in motile.
4
Q
What are 3 ways to get infected by B. anthracis?
A
- Inoculation (cutaneous), ingestion (grastrointestinal), and inhalation.
5
Q
What type of Gram stain are B. anthracis and what type of shape do they have?
A
- G (+) rods.
6
Q
What is something unique to B. anthracis capsule?
A
- It is made up of poly-D-glutamic acid.
7
Q
What are the 3 major virulence factors of B. anthracis and what are they each responsible for?
A
- The capsule (avoiding phagocytosis), edema toxin(fluid accumulation), and lethal toxin(stimulates macrophages to release tumor necrosis factor alfa, and others).
8
Q
What is the treatment for B. anthracis infection?
A
- Very high mortality rate; are susceptible to penicillin (combination of ciprofloxacin or doxicycline with one or 2 antiobiotics (rifampin, vancomycin, etc).
9
Q
What are the 2 types of enterotoxins that B. cereus releases that cause gastroenteritis?
A
- The heat-stable that causes the emetic form and the heat-liable diarrheal form.
10
Q
In what kinds of food can we find the emetic form? In what for diarrheal form?
A
- Rice for emetic; meat and veggies for diarrheal.
11
Q
What is the treatment for complications of B. cereus?
A
- Vancomycin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin.
