Sertoli Cells & Spermatogenesis

Question 1

3 ways Sertoli cells support spermatogenesis?

Answer 1

1. Nutritionally
2. Hormonally
3. Morphological adjustment to support

Question 2

Which cells create blood-testis barrier?

Answer 2

Sertoli cells

Question 3

How do Sertoli cells form blood-testis barrier?

Answer 3

Held together by tight junction just above level of spermatogonia

Question 4

Adluminal compartment means?

Answer 4

Immune-privileged area

Question 5

What is spermatogenesis?

Answer 5

Entire process of producing spermatozoa

Question 6

3 phases of spermatogenesis

Answer 6

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Metamorphosis

Question 7

Mitotic spage of spermatogenesis is called?

Answer 7

Spermatocytogenesis

Question 8

What occurs during spermatocytogenesis?

Answer 8

Spermatogonia divide and give rise to spermatocytes

Question 9

What occurs during meiosis stage of spermatogenesis?

Answer 9

Spermatocyte becomes haploid spermatid

Question 10

Between what stages of spermatogenesis does spermatocyte migrate to adluminal compartment?

Answer 10

Between mitosis and meiosis

Question 11

Mitosis is?

Answer 11

Duplication of genetically identical diploid cells

Question 12

Meiosis is?

Answer 12

Production of genetically different haploid cells

Question 13

What process only occurs in sexually reproductive cells?

Answer 13

Meiosis

Question 14

Which leads to genetic diversity, mitosis or meiosis?

Answer 14

Meiosis

Question 15

Most primitive cells of spermatogenesis

Answer 15

Spermatogonia

Question 16

Spermatogonia are involved in which stage of spermatogenesis?

Answer 16

Mitosis

Question 17

Where are spermatogonia located?

Answer 17

Periphery of seminiferous tubule

Question 18

3 generations of spermatogonia

Answer 18

1. A cells
2. I cells
3. B cells

Question 19

What are A cells?

Answer 19

Stem cells that have round nucleus with condensed chromatins

Question 20

Results of mitotic division of A cell

Answer 20

1. 1 cells remains “A” cell
2. Other divides and has “I” daughter cells
3. “I” cells divde to produce “B” spermatogonia

Question 21

What cell produces primary spermatocytes?

Answer 21

B spermatogonia

Question 22

Asymmetric replication only occurs in?

Answer 22

Stem cells

Question 23

Largest cell in spermatogenesis

Answer 23

Primary spermatocyte

Question 24

Primary spermatocytes represent the beginning of what stage of spermatogenesis?

Answer 24

Meiosis

Question 25

Primary spermatocyte has what DNA?

Answer 25

4n

Question 26

When does "cross-over" occur?

Answer 26

Extended prophase of first meiotic division (primary spermatocyte)

Question 27

Secondary spermatocyte has what DNA?

Answer 27

2n

Question 28

What occurs during second meiotic division?

Answer 28

Sister chromatids of secondary spermatocyte pull apart during anaphase to form spermatid

Question 29

Spermatid DNA

Answer 29

1n

Question 30

Spermatid appearance

Answer 30

Small round cells → nuclei become flattened and heterochromatic

Question 31

Which descendant of spermatogonium is not connected by cytoplasmic bridges?

Answer 31

Spermatozoa

Question 32

Mature spermatozoa are formed during what stage?

Answer 32

Metamorphosis

Question 33

Mature spermatozoa consists of?

Answer 33

1. Head 2. Neck 3. Tail (middle piece, principal piece, end piece)

Question 34

What develops during metamorphosis to form mature spermatozoa?

Answer 34

Acrosome, flagellum and nuclear condensation

Question 35

Anterior pole of spermatozoa nucleus is covered by?

Answer 35

Acrosomal cap

Question 36

Acrosomal cap contains?

Answer 36

Enzymes (ex: hyaluronidase)

Question 37

Cryptorchidism occurs most frequently in?

Answer 37

Swine and horses (hereditary)

Question 38

How does bilateral testical retention result in sterility?

Answer 38

Thermal suppression of spermatogenesis

Question 39

Why should cryptorchid testicles be removed?

Answer 39

May become neoplastic

Question 40

Hormone therapy for cryptorchidism

Answer 40

Gonadotropic hormones (FSH, HCG) to prepubertal animals can cause descent of testicles

Question 41

Definition of metamorphosis

Answer 41

Morphological transformation of spermatozoa (final transition of round cell to final shape)

Question 42

Do Sertoli cells play a role in metamorphosis?

Answer 42

Yes