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Microanatomy Exam 4 > Female Repro > Flashcards

Female Repro Flashcards

1
Q

Tunica serosa of ovary

A

Also called mesovarium

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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2
Q

Blood vessels for the ovary are contained in?

A

Ovarian medulla

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3
Q

Rete ovarii are lined by?

A

Cuboidal epithelium

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4
Q

Products of meiosis 1

A

Secondary oocyte + 1st polar body

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5
Q

Secondary oocyte is formed when?

A

Just prior to ovulation

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6
Q

ALL follicles on slide contain?

A

Primary oocytes in prophase I

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7
Q

Products of meiosis 2

A

Ovum + 2nd polar body

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8
Q

What is the zona pellucida?

A

Thick glycoprotein layer secreted by both oocyte and granulosa cells

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9
Q

Tertiary follicle aka?

A

Graffian

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10
Q

Primary follicle

A

Oocyte surrounded by single layer of squamous cells

It’s primary until fluid!

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11
Q

Secondary follicle

A

Obvious theca with fluid

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12
Q

Layer of granulosa cells surrounding antrum

A

Stratum granulosum

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13
Q

3 layers of granulosa cells in advanced follicles

A
  1. Cumulus oophorus
  2. Corona radiata
  3. Stratum granulosum
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14
Q

Granulosa cells surrounding tertiary follicle

A

Cumulus oophorus

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15
Q

Corona radiata

A

Layer of granulosa cells immediate to zona pellucida

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16
Q

Follicular phase

A
  1. CL is regressing
  2. Follicle is maturing
  3. Endometrium is proliferating
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17
Q

Estrogen is produced by ___ cells in response to ___

A

Granulosa cells, FSH

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18
Q

Theca cells have what receptors?

A

LH receptors

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19
Q

Theca cells are stimulated by LH to produce?

A

Androgens which diffuse into follicle

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20
Q

Granulosa cells initially have what receptors?

A

FSH receptors

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21
Q

FSH stimulates granulosa cells to produce?

A

Estrogen from androgens

22
Q

Estrogen has what feedback on granulosa cells?

A

Positive → stimulate granulosa cell proliferation

23
Q

Later in the follicular phase, granulosa cells develop what receptors?

A

LH receptors

24
Q

Rising estrogen levels during follicular phase stimulate release of?

A

LH from pituitary → eventually causes LH surge

25
Q

LH surge causes?

A
  1. Primary oocytes complete meiosis I
  2. Ovulation
  3. Induces CL formation
26
Q

At ovulation, LH surge causes release of?

A

Collagenase and other enzymes to digest tissues at ovulation site

27
Q

At ovulation, what hapens to the stroma around the follicle?

A

Becomes avascular and degenerates

28
Q

At ovulation, what happens to thecal layers?

A

Thecal layers thin

29
Q

At ovulation, what breaks free from the antral wall?

A

Oocyte and cumulus oophorus

30
Q

At ovulation, follicle protrudes from wall of ovary at the?

A

Stigma → oocyte is relased from follicle

31
Q

How does corpus hemorrhagicum forms?

A

Blood fills follicle lumen

32
Q

Major event of the luteal phase

A

CL forms from granulosa and theca cells after ovulation

33
Q

During luteal phase, what happens to granulosa cells?

A

Proliferate and enlarge to become granulosa lutein cells

Produce progesterone and some estrogen

34
Q

Granulosa lutein cell appearance

A

Polygonal with large spherical nuclei

35
Q

During luteal phase, what happens to theca interna cells?

A

Convert to theca lutein cells

Secrete some estrogen and progesterone (mainly progesterone)

36
Q

Theca lutein cell appearance

A

Smaller than granulosa lutein cells

Located peripherally or between granulosa lutein cells

37
Q

CL produces what hormones?

A

Mainly progesterone, some estrogen

38
Q

During what phase do uterine glands secrete?

A

Luteal phase → nourish embryo until placenta can

39
Q

During luteal phase, ___ secretion maintains function of CL?

40
Q

During luteal phase, _____ stimulates development of uterine endometrium and glands?

A

Progesterone

41
Q

Progesterone produced by CL inhibits release of?

A

FSH and LH

42
Q

Fate of CL depends on?

A

If fertilization occurs

43
Q

CL cyclium

A

CL degenerates each cycle there is no implication

44
Q

CL of pregnancy

A

CL persists after implantation is active for about 1/3 of pregnancy (variable by species) but eventually regresses

45
Q

Corpus albicans

A

White CT scar which gradually replaces CL

46
Q

Animals which require copulation for ovulation?

A
  1. Cats
  2. Rabbits
  3. Ferrets
  4. Mink
  5. Camelids
47
Q

Progesterone has a _____ feedback on LH secretion

A

Negative → LH will decline during luteal phase

48
Q

Regression of CL in large domestic animals is caused by?

A

PGF2-alpha

49
Q

PGF2-alpha is secreted by?

50
Q

Lutalyse and Estrumate regulate the cycle by affecting?

A

PGF2-alpha

51
Q

How does implantation allow CL to persist?

A

Prevents uterus from secreting PGF2-alpha

52
Q

PGF2-alpha has no effect on CL regression in what species?

A
  1. Dogs

2. Primates

Microanatomy Exam 4 (14 decks)

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