Serology and Immunohistochemical Methods Flashcards
A _________________ sign of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathieae are pink, diamond-shaped skin lesions.
Pathognomonic
Unlike transudate, exudate would have an increased presence of -?
Proteins
T/F: Proper specimen collection is the first step for accurate diagnostic testing.
True
Blood, feces, swabs, and post mortem samples can all be collected for identifying what types of agents?
Bacterial, parasitic, and viral
Bacterial samples include -?
Blood, skin scrapes, urine, swabs, milk, and post mortem tissues and organs
Parasitic infections can be identified from what samples?
Feces, vomit, sputum, blood, urine, skin scrapes, muscle biopsies, and post mortem samples
Feces, blood, nasal and tracheal swabs, sputum and post mortem samples can be collected for determining _________ infections.
Viral
T/F: The best time to collect samples is during the acute phase, or at the time of outbreak or before, through aseptic techniques.
True
Proper storage includes consideration of -?
Temperature, moisture, and the addition of additives to reduce contaminant growth
Proper specimen storage and _________ should always aim to avoid contamination’s and care to biosafety.
Transport
Define antigen.
Molecule (pathogen, pathogenic proteins, molecule present on the pathogen) that can trigger a host immune response.
What are antibodies?
Molecules that bind to specific antigens.
If a test has a high sensitivity, then what result would you expect?
A negative test result, as it detects quantities of antigens or antibodies to rule out individuals who do not have the disease
If a test has a high specificity, what test result would you expect?
A positive test result, as it would detect those who do not have the disease
Serology is used to detect ___________, while serotyping is used to identify ___________.
Serology = antibodies Serotyping = antigens
An antibody titer is associated with the measurements of __________, which is similar to serological tests.
Antibodies
ELISA , which is also known as Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, is associated with antibody detection in response to -?
Viruses, parasites, fungi, or bacteria
T/F: ELISA tests are all associated with the detection or indication of either antibodies or antigens present in the sample.
True
What is the difference between Direct, Indirect, or Sandwich ELISA tests?
Direct involves the an antigen bound to a solid, wash, then the addition of a antibodies and substrates
Indirect involves the addition of a secondary antibody following the first one
Sandwich involves antibodies bound to a solid, the addition of antigens, and then antibodies along with substrates (in that order)
What type of assay is commonly used, easily interpreted, inexpensive, rapid, and a variation of of ELISA?
Lateral-flow immunoassay
If an IDEXX snap test amplifies the result, then it would be expected to have an increased -?
A) Sensitivity
B) Specificity
A) Sensitivity
The visible clumping of particulate antigens due to its binding with specific antibodies forms a visible lattice. This type of test is called?
Agglutination
Unfortunately, what type of tests can not always detect for active infections, may have a detection limit, and the antibodies seen could have the same antibodies?
Immunochemical and serology
