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RUSVM PID Fall 2019 > Phenotypic Methods > Flashcards

Phenotypic Methods Flashcards

1
Q

Concentration techniques are used to ________ the concentration of pathogen material.

A

Increase

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2
Q

Filtration or centrifugation, flotation or sedimentation, or the baermannn test, are associated with _______________ techniques.

A

Concentration

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3
Q

A fecal flotation (to observe egg types) and _________ ____ counting slides (determine egg types and level of infection) are used for fecal analysis.

A

McMaster egg

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4
Q

Microscopic identification has what disadvantages, while it can tissue morphologies, pathogens, and are rapid for analysis?

A

Mild infections can’t be observed, nor not all specimens can collected can be used for analysis

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5
Q

While a simple stain utilizes a single stain, a differential stain utilizes -?

A

More than one dye, which can take longer, to not only observe morphologies but also distinguish different cell types and structures

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6
Q

Viral replication often can be identified by what structures within the nucleus and cytoplasm?

A

Inclusion bodies

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7
Q

Hematoxylin is a basic dye that will stain ________ structures purple, like the rER and the genetic material.

A

Acidic

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8
Q

______ is an acidic dye that will stain basic structures pink, like the cytoplasm.

A

Eosin

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9
Q

Describe the process of a Gram Stain.

A

Apply a crystal violet (purple)
Apply mordant
Alcoholic wash of the crystal violet
Apply of safranin (pink)

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10
Q

Gram positive bacteria will stain ______ due to a thick peptidoglycan layer, while Gram negative bacteria will stain ________ have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an inner and outer plasma membrane.

A 
Positive = Purple
Negative = Pink
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11
Q

The following are specific bacterial structure stains, what do they stain for?

  • Acid fast stain
  • Capsule stain
  • Endospore stain
  • Flagella stain
A

Acid fast = stains cell wall
Capsule = stain background not capsule
Endospore = spore dyed with malachite green
Flagella = flagella thickened with mordant

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12
Q

The following are fungal stains. What do they stain for?

  • Lactophenol Cotton Blue stain
  • Gomori Methenamine Silver stain
  • Periodic Acid Schiff stain
A 
LCB = chitin
GMS = cell wall
PAS = mucin
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13
Q

The following are parasitic stains. What do they stain for?

  • Leishman stain
  • Wheatley’s Trichrome stain
A 
Leish. = blood smears
Wheat. = Protozoa
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14
Q

The use of a fixative, and two successive separate stain solutions, is a form of histological staining. This technique is also known as a Wright-Giemsa stain.

A

Diff-Quick

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15
Q

Unlike the bacteria that don’t require specific nutrients and culture conditions, ___________ bacteria do.

A

Fastidious

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16
Q

Nutrient, selective, and differential media are associated with -?

A

Agars

17
Q

Broth can either be __________ or ____________, which increase the number of bacteria while limiting others.

A

Nutrient or Enrichment

18
Q

The following are ______ __________ media - trypticase soy, luria bertani, mueller-hinton.

A

Basic nutrient

19
Q

Blood agar, brain heart infusion, cholocate, and loses blood agars are -?

A

Enriched nutrient media

20
Q

Non-nutrient, but selective medias, include what three agars for gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, and fungi?

A

Gram Pos = Phenylethyl Alcohol agar
Gram Neg = Eosin Methylene Blue agar
Fungi = Saboraud Dextrose agar

21
Q

Differential media include the blood, MacConkey, CLED, and Mannitol salt agars that culture for -?

A

Blood agar = hemolysis
MacConkey agar = Gram negative
Mannitol Salt agar = Gram positive
CLED agar = urinary pathogens

22
Q

What do the following enzyme production biochemical tests for bacterial identification?

  • Catalase
  • Coagulase
  • Urease
  • Tryptophanase
A 
Catalase = degrades hydrog. peroxide
Coagulase = fibrin for cloture formation
Urease = hydrolyses urea
Tryptophanase = Tryptophan to indole
23
Q

The Simmons citrate agar test is utilized for gram _________ bacteria utilizing a carbon source.

A

Negative

24
Q

T/F: Bacterial identification for urinary pathogens can include UTI culture paddles and the flexicult vet urinary test.

A

True

25
Q 
Which of the following is not a quantitative test?
A) ELISA
B) qPCR
C) Urine tests
D) IDEXX snap test
A

D) IDEXX snap test

RUSVM PID Fall 2019 (4 decks)

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