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SERO Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is an antigen on the outside of the hepatitis B virus?

A. HBeAg
B. HBcAg
C. HBsAg
D. None of the above

A

HBsAg

Hepatitis B surface antigen is appropriately named because it resides on the surface of the hepatitis B virus

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2
Q

Number of light chain in antibodies

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

A

2

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3
Q

Detection of Hepatitis C by

A. Anti- B
B. Anti-A
C. Anti-C
D. Anti-D

A

Anti-C

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4
Q

Which immunoglobulin is the principal one found in secretions such as milk?

A. IgG
B. IgM
C. IgA
D. IgD
E. IgE

A

IgA

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5
Q

Normal range of ASO test

A. Up to 200 IU/ml
B. Up to 100 IU/ml
C. Less than 50 mg/dl
D. 70-110 mg/dl

A

Up to 200 IU/ml

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6
Q

Which of the following immunoglobulin is present normally in plasma at the highest concentration?

A. IgG
B. IgM
C. IgA
D. I gD
E. IgE

A

IgG

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7
Q

Autoimmune disease that cause hypothyroidism

A

HASHIMOTO DISEASE / THYROIDISM

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8
Q

Antisalivary duct antibodies, antilacrimal gland antibodies

A

Sjogrens syndromes

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9
Q

Antibody absent to brotuns

A

All antibodies

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10
Q

What electrolyte that is deficient to Digeorge syndrome

A

Zinc

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11
Q

Platelet are small and defective

A

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome

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12
Q

Washing for Wharton’s jelly

A

6-8x

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13
Q

Precipitation curve that has antibody excess

A

PROZONE

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14
Q

Precipitation curve that has antigen excess

A

POSTZONE

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15
Q

Most common cause of death of rheumatoid arthritis

A

Renal failure

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16
Q

Type of hypersensitivity of rheumatoid arthritis

A

Type III

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17
Q

Type of hypersensitivity for anaphylaxis

A

Type I

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18
Q

Not antibody mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type IV

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19
Q

AIHA hypersensitivity

A

Type II

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20
Q

Primary immunodeficiency most commonly confused with AIDS in the pediatric group

A

NEZELOF SYNDROME

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21
Q

First retrovirus discovered?

A. HIV
B. Syphilis
C. HTLV-1
D. Gonorrhea

A

HTLV-1

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22
Q

What holds the monomers in IgM?

A. V chain
B. J chain
C. Peptide bonds
D. Hydrogen bonds

A

J chain

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23
Q

Color of AHG reagent?

A. Blue
B. Yellow
C. Pale blue
D. Pale green

A

Pale green

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24
Q

What form of immunoglobulin is present in Saliva?

A. Monomer
B. Dimer
C. Tetramer
D. Pentamer

A

Dimer

Note:
IgA2, is found as a dimer along the respiratory, urogenital, and instestinal mucosa, and it also appears in milk, Saliva, tears, and sweat. (Steven’s p. 61)

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25
Q

Which is an example of in-vitro molecular assay?

A

PCR

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26
Q

CRP is produced by?

A

Liver

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27
Q

Translation happens in what part of the cell?

A. Nucleolus
B. Cytoplasm
C. Ribosomes
D. Nucleus

A

Cytoplasm

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28
Q

HAV Diagnostic?

A. HAV RNA
B. ANTI-HAV IgM
C. ANTI-HAV IgG
D. ANTI-HAV IgD

A

ANTI-HAV IgM

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29
Q

What is an example of Cellular assay in lymphocyte stimulation assay?

A

Mix lymphocyte culture

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30
Q

What is an example of Cellular assay in lymphocyte stimulation assay?

A

Mix lymphocyte culture

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31
Q

What is an example of Molecular Technique in lymphocyte stimulation assay?

A

Restriction fragment length polymorphism

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32
Q

Therapeutic vaccination: Live, attenuated chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies vaccines; Pasteurization

A

Louis Pasteur
(1880-1881)

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33
Q

Smallpox vaccination
Cross-immunity

A

Edward Jenner
(1798)

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34
Q

Genetic principles underlying generation of antibodies with different specificities

A

Susumo tonegawa

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35
Q

Side chain theory
Antibody formation theory
Chemotherapy

A

Paul Ehrlich

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36
Q

Complement
Nobel price 1919

A

Jules bordet

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37
Q

Radioimmunoassay
1959 or late 1950s

A

Rosalyn yalow and Berson

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38
Q

Demonstration of cutaneous (delayed-type) hypersensitivity

A

Robert koch
(1891)

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39
Q

Immediate-hypersensitivity anaphylaxis (type I)

A

Paul Portier, Charles Robert Richet
(1902)

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40
Q

Development of polio vaccine (1949)

A

SALK VACCINE
- is a formalin-killed poliovirus; injected, stimulates antibody production in serum but not in mucosa

SABIN VACCINE: is a live attenuated poliovirus; orally administered stimulates production of both IgA and IgG

41
Q

Identification of genes for T cell receptor
(1985-1987) - gene
(1983) - structure

A

Ellis Reinherz

42
Q

Development of human papillomavirus vaccine
(2005)

43
Q

Normal CRP value for adult

A

<0.05mg/dl

44
Q

Natural antibiotic

A

Lysozyme
Interferon

45
Q

Major component of alpha1 band

A

Alpha1-antitrypsin

46
Q

Major humoral (fluid) component of natural immunity

A

Complement C3

47
Q

Major humoral (fluid) component of natural immunity

A

Complement C3

48
Q

Major humoral (fluid) component of natural immunity

A

Complement C3

49
Q

Enhances phagocytosis
To prepare for eating

50
Q

Best immunogen in chemical composition and complexity

A

Protein and polysaccharides

51
Q

Best immunogen in size/weight

A

100,000 Dalton

52
Q

It binds with antibody in the presence of carrier protein

53
Q

Shape or configuration that are recognized by T or B cells

54
Q

What is the most immunogenic?

A. 230,000 D protein
B. 280,000 D polysaccharides

A

230,000 D protein

55
Q

Major Histocompatibility complex produce by what chromosome?

A

Chromosome 6 (short arm)

56
Q

What organ doesn’t need HLA Typing?

57
Q

What is the type of antigen that bypass the normal Ag processing

A

Superantigen/ TSS 1

58
Q

What chromosome is for the production of MHC?

A

Chromosome 6

59
Q

What is the waiting area of the lymphocyte?

A

Secondary lymphoid organ

60
Q

Where is the location of periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS)

61
Q

What cell is in marginal zone of secondary lymphoid organ?

A

Dendritic cell

62
Q

Largest secondary lymphoid organ?

63
Q

Confused with neonatal HIV infection

A

Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency

64
Q

These surface immunoglobulins provide the primary activating signal to B cells when contact with antigen takes place

65
Q

Mitogenic substance that can be both T cell and B cell

A

Phytohemagglutinin A (PHA)
Pokeweed mitogen (PWM)

66
Q

Non T cell
Non B cell
K cell
LAK cell

A

Natural killer cells / Third Population cell

67
Q

Non T cell
Non B cell
K cell
LAK cell

A

Natural killer cells / Third Population cell

68
Q

CD Markers of Natural killer cells

A

CD 16, 56, 57, 69

69
Q

NK activity is stimulated by?

A

IL-12, IFN-y and IFN-B

70
Q

What HLA type gives increase resistance to HIV

71
Q

Which the function of complement system?

A. Opsonization
B. Cell lysis (end product of complement)
C. Inflammation (via anaphylotoxin)
D. Chemotaxis
E. Not antiviral
F. AOTA

A

All of the above

72
Q

Is an indication of relative concentration?

73
Q

Is an indication of relative concentration?

74
Q

Immunofixation electrophoresis
Increase anti-y (kappa) & anti-lambda

A. Abnormal monoclonal IgG
B. Abnormal monoclonal IgG and lambda

A

Abnormal monoclonal IgG and lambda

75
Q

Immunofixation electrophoresis
Increase anti-Mu, anti-kapha, anti-lambda

A

Abnormal polyclonal IgG, IgM, kapha, lambda

76
Q

Fluorogenic substrate-label antigen competing with patient antigen for antibody. Then unbound leftover labeled antigen reacts with enzyme to form production. (reaction is directly proportional)

A

Fluorescent substrate label inhibition

77
Q

Fluorophore labeled antigen competes with patient antigen for antibody. Antibody-bound labeller antigen ROTATES slowly, emitting lower energy light

A

Fluorescent Polarization immunoassay

78
Q

Most specific test to detect H. Pylori

79
Q

Triggers acute inflammation reaction which recruit neutrophils and eosinophils to help destroy invading antigens that have penetrated IgA defenses.

80
Q

Serum concentration of immunoglobulin

IgM
IgE
IgD
IgA
IgG

A

IgM - 120-150
IgE - 0.005
IgD - 1-3
IgA - 70-350
IgG - 800-1600

81
Q

Immunoglobulin that has J chains

A

IgM and IgA

82
Q

Complement pathway that triggers bacterial cell wall, LPS, Fungal cell wall (zymosan), yeast, virus, virally infected cells, tumor cell lines, and parasites (trypanosomes) ; Aggregated IgG2, IgA and IgE; in PNH triggered BY RBC then lysis

A

Alternative Pathway
(properdin)

83
Q

Rocky mountain spotted fever
Rickettsial disease

A

OX-19: ++++
OX-2: +
OX-K: -

84
Q

Scrub
Rickettsial disease

A

OX-19: -
OX-2: -
OX-K: ++++

85
Q

Most specific test to detect H. Pylori

86
Q

Surrogate test for hepatitis

87
Q

Weil-Felix test base on cross reactivity with proteus
Principle: direct agglutination

A

Rickettsia

88
Q

Widal test, for the dx of typhoid fever
Principle: direct agglutination

A

Salmonella typhi

89
Q

Major cause of both gastric and duodenal ulcer
Urease(+)
Use culture

A

Helicobacter pylori

90
Q

Infectious mononucleosis / kissing diseae

A

Epstein barr virus

91
Q

Antigen and viral RNA, indicates initial viral replication

92
Q

Antigen and viral RNA, indicates initial viral replication

93
Q

Antibody that is first to manifest in plasma in HIV Infection

94
Q

Most important defense against Fungal infection

A

Cellular immunity

95
Q

Most common opportunistic disease in patient with AIDS

A

P.carini / P. Jirovecii

96
Q

Most common cause of all serious Fungal disease

A

C. Albicans

97
Q

Gag

  1. Inner surface of envelope
  2. Core coat for nucleic acid
  3. Core binding protein
  4. Binds to genomic RNA
A
  1. p16
  2. p24
  3. p9
  4. p7
98
Q

Env

  1. Binds to CD4 on T cells
  2. Transmembrane protein associated with gp120
A
  1. gp120
  2. gp41

MT Q&As (7 decks)

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