Serbian grammer Flashcards
Singular Nouns-Muški ends in what?
Consonants. k,s,d,
Singular Nouns-Ženski ends in what?
Ends on a or a consonant
Singular Nouns-Srednji ends in what?
O or e
plural Gender Nouns-Muški ends in what?
i
plural Gender Nouns-Ženski ends in what?
e or on i
plural Gender Nouns-Srednji ends in what?
a
Automatisation
When defining the gender of a word, you can just look at the grammatical extension (last letter of the word) and then pick the personal pronoun with the same extension to replace it: čovek : on
žena : ona
selo : ono
polje : ono !!!Automatisation
When defining the gender of a word, you can just look at the grammatical extension (last letter of the word) and then pick the personal pronoun with the same extension to replace it: čovek : on
žena : ona
selo : ono
polje : ono !!!Sibilarizacija Phonetic alterations k into
c
Sibilarizacija Phonetic alterations g into
g
Sibilarizacija Phonetic alterations h into
s
Phonetic alterations “Disappearing a”
prodavac : prodavci (seller), pas : psi (dog), kupac : kupci (buyer)
Interrogative and Indefinitive pronouns
Person KO? who?
1,neko (someone)
2,niko (no one)
3,svako/svi (everyone)
Interrogative and Indefinitive pronouns
things/abstract nouns sta? what?
1,nešto (something)
2,ništa (nothing)
3,svašta/sve (everything)
Asking questions with what prepositions ?
Da li?
Jesi li?
Asking questions with what prepositions?
pronouns? Ko? Sta?
1,neko (someone) 2,niko (no one) 3,svako/svi (everyone) 1,nešto (something) 2,ništa (nothing) 3,svašta/sve (everything)
A subject is ?
A noun and a person or thing that performs an action
A predicate is?
a verb, an action
A object is ?
A person or thing that verb performs an action on
Nominativ is used to tell us??
who or what is subject of a sentence.
It answers to a question WHO and WHAT is performing an action.
Marko plays soccer. - Marko is an subject, because he performs an action.
Akuzativ is used to tell us?
Who or what is an object in a sentence, who or what suffers an action.
Marko igra fudbal. - fubal is an object because it suffers an action “igra“
What is the Akuzativ singular extension for muški?
a
What is the Akuzativ singular suffix for ženski?
u
What is the Akuzativ singular suffix for srednji?
o
What is the Akuzativ plural suffix for muški?
e
What is the Akuzativ plural suffix for ženski?
e
What is the Akuzativ plural suffix for srednji?
a
If the male singular noun represents something inanimate then the a no what?
extensions in akuzativ in singular
Demonstrative pronouns
A person or an object close to the person that is speaking in singular?
ovaj
ova
ovo
Demonstrative pronouns
A person or an object close to the person who is spoken to (2nd person) in singular?
taj
ta
to
Demonstrative pronouns
A person or an object distant from both the speaker and the person who is spoken to in singular.
(Distant from 1st and 2nd person)?
onaj
ona
ono
Demonstrative pronouns
Close to 1st person plural?
ovi
ove
ova
Demonstrative pronouns
Close to 2nd person plural?
ti
te
ta
Demonstrative pronouns
Distant from both 1st and 2nd person plural?
oni
one
ona
ovde,
Here
tu,tamo/onde
There
i
and
pa
so
ni/niti
neither/no
odnosno
that is
ili
or/either
a (for opposition)
and
ali
but
nego
but I
već
i still
Glagol
verb
Dativ tells us?
who or what is the recipient of directed action
Dativ is used to tell us?
Who is at the other end of directed action.
It can be used to mark a purpose (to whom), or a direction of movement (where to).
Marko gives the book to Nenad. I go towards a school.
Marko daje knjigu Nenadu. - dativ Idem prema školi. - dativ
Marko sees Nenad. Idem u školu.
Marko vidi Nenada. - akuzativ I go to school. - akuzativ
Indirect object is ?
person (or a thing) affected by the action. It answers to a question TO WHOM? or TO WHAT?
Indirect objects can be used with prepostions
Direct object?
is the receiver of the action. It answers to a question WHO? or WHAT?
Direct objects are in akuzativ.
They cannot be used with prepostions: He sees Marko.
Dativ and its extensions
Muški-S
U
Dativ and its extensions
Muški-P
Ima
Dativ and its extensions
ženski-S
I
Dativ and its extensions
ženski-P
ama
Dativ and its extensions
Srednji-S
u
Dativ and its extensions
Srednji-P
ima
