Sequences/Phases of Speech Sound Acquisition Flashcards
Phase 1 of Speech Sound Acquisition
Laying foundations for speech (birth to 1 yr)
What does Phase 1 of Speech Sound Acquisition include?
- Development of structure and function of the oral mechanism
- Infant perception —> visual perception, auditory perception
- Infant production —> babbling, etc.
Phase 2 of Speech Sound Acquisition
Transitioning from words to speech (1 to 2 yrs)
What does Phase 2 of Speech Sound Acquisition include?
- Children’s first words
- Young Children’s consonant inventories
- Phonological knowledge & vocab acquisition
Phase 3 of Speech Sound Acquisition
Inventory growth (2-5)
What does Phase 3 of Speech Sound Acquisition include?
- Intelligibility
- Age of Acquisition of Speech Sounds
- Percentage of Sounds Correct / Percentage of Sounds in errors
- Vowels
- Phonological patterns/processes
Phase 4 of Speech Sound Acquisition
Mastery of Literacy (+5)
What does Phase 4 of Speech Sound Acquisition include?
- Phonological Awareness
Intelligibility by 2yrs
50%
Intelligibility by 3yrs
75%
Intelligibility by 4-5yrs
100%
What speech sounds are roughly acquired by 3 years of age?
b, p, m, n, h, w
All consonants and vowels should be acquired by what age?
8 yrs
What speech sounds are roughly acquired by 4 years of age?
k, g, d, t, eng, f, y
What speech sounds are roughly acquired by 6 years of age?
l
What speech sounds are roughly acquired by 7 years of age?
ch, sh, j, r, th (voiceless interdental fricative)
What speech sounds are roughly acquired by 8 years of age?
th (voiced interdental fricative), v, s, z, zh (voiced palatal fricative)
Early 8
/m, n, b, p, j, w, h, d/ emerges around 1-3 yrs, consistent around 2.5 yrs
Middle 8
/t, k, g, f, v, ŋ, d͡ʒ, t͡ʃ/ emerges around 3-6.5 yrs, consistent around 5.5 yrs
Late
/r, l, ʒ, s, z, ð, ʃ, θ/ emerges around 5-7.5 yrs, consistent around 7.5 yrs
PCC (Percent Consonant Correct) around age 2
70%
PCC (Percent Consonant Correct) around age 3
80%
PCC (Percent Consonant Correct) around age 4
90%
PCC (Percent Consonant Correct) around age 5
93%
PCC (Percent Consonant Correct) around age 7
98%
Vowel Acquisition?
Nonrhotic vowels are typically acquired by age 3, but some rhotic vowels may be acquired by later ages…
Paradigmatic aspect of mastering vowel production
ability to produce vowels in isolation or in monosyllabic words (mastered by 3 yrs)
Syntagmatic aspect of mastering vowel production
ability to produce sequences of vowels in syllables or in words in conjunction with other phonological errors (e.g., stress) mastered by age 3-5 (for example vowels in unstressed syllables by age 3, vowels in stressed syllables in age 4-5).
