Phonological Processes-Substitutions Flashcards
Backing
When alveolar sounds, like /t/ and /d/, are substituted with velar sounds like /k/ and /g/
“gog” for “dog” is an example of ________?
Backing
Approx. age of elimination (Backing)
Usually seen in more severe phonological delays (atypical)
Fronting
When velar or palatal sounds, like /k/, /g/, and /sh/, are substituted with alveolar sounds like /t/, /d/, and /s/
“tootie” for “cookie” or “su” for “shu” is an example of ________?
Fronting
Approx. age of elimination (Fronting)
3.5 yrs
Gliding
When /r/ becomes a /w/, and /l/ becomes a /w/ or y sound
“wabbit” for “rabbit” and “little” becomes “wittle” and “look” becomes “jook” is an example of ________?
Gliding
Approx. age of elimination (Gliding)
6 yrs, later than the rest
Stopping
When a fricative (like /f/ or /s/) or affricate (ch, j) is substituted with a stop consonant like /p/ or /d/
“dump” for “jump” or “dum” for “thumb” is an example of __________?
Stopping
Approx. age of elimination (stopping)
/f/ /s/ by 3
/v/ /z/ by 3 1/2
/sh/ /ch/ /j/ by 4 1/2
/th/ gone by 5
Vowelization
When the /l/ or er sounds are replaced with a vowel
“giu” for “girl” or “appo” for apple” or “papuh” for “paper” is an example of _________?
Vowelization
Approx. age of elimination (vowelization)
Affrication
When a nonaffricate is replaced with an affricate (ch or j)
“joor” for “door” or “joggie” for “doggie” is an example of _____________?
Affrication
Approx. age of elimination (affrication)
3 yrs
Deaffrication
When an affricate, like ch or j, is replaced with a fricative or stop like sh or /d/
“shoo-shoo” for “choo-choo” or “dip” for “chip” or “ships” for “chips” is an example of __________?
Deaffrication
Approx. age of elimination (deaffrication)
4 yrs
Alveolarization
When a nonalveolar sound is substituted with an alveolar sound
“tu” for “shoe” or “nake” for “make” is an example of __________?
Alveolarization
Approx. age of elimination (alveolarization)
5 yrs
Depalatalization
When a palatal sound is substituted with a nonpalatal sound
“fit” for “fish” or “dit” for “dish” is an example of ___________?
Depalatalization
Approx. age of elimination (Depalatalization)
5 yrs
Labialization
When a nonlabial sound is replaced with a labial sound
“pie” for “tie” or “poad” for “toad” or “mail” for “nail” is an example of ____________?
Labialization
Approx. age of elimination (labialization)
6 yrs (later than the rest)
