septal perforation

Question 1

Q: What are common causes of traumatic nasal septum perforation?

Answer 1

. Injury during SMR
. Cauterization
. Habitual nose picking
. Deliberate perforation for ornaments

Question 2

What pathological conditions can cause nasal septum perforation?

Answer 2

Septal abscess
Nasal myiasis
Rhinolith
Chronic granulomatous diseases (lupus, tuberculosis, leprosy)
Wegener’s granuloma

Question 3

Q: Which drugs and chemicals are linked to nasal septum perforation?

Answer 3

Prolonged steroid sprays
Cocaine
Exposure to chromium
Dichromate
Soda ash
Arsenic

Question 4

Q: What are idiopathic causes of nasal septum perforation?
A:

No history of trauma
No previous disease
Patient may be unaware of perforation

Answer 4

No history of trauma
No previous disease
Patient may be unaware of perforation

Question 5

What are the clinical features of nasal septum perforation?

Answer 5

Small perforations cause whistling sounds
Larger perforations cause crusting
Nasal obstruction
Severe epistaxis

Question 6

What is the first step in treating nasal septum perforation?

Answer 6

Identify the cause
Potentially use biopsy from granulations or perforation edge

Question 7

How can small, inactive nasal septum perforations be treated?

Answer 7

Surgical closure with plastic flaps

Question 8

What is the management for larger nasal septum perforations?

Answer 8

Maintain crust-free nose with alkaline douches and ointments
Use a thin silastic button for relief