Seperation Techniques. Flashcards
What is chromatography?
Chromatography is the superstation of colour pigments and dyes from things like paints and ink and other colours and pens.
What is filtration?
Is a process of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid.. e.g sand from water.
What is a simple distillation?
Method for separating the solvent from a solution. E.g. water from a salt solution.
What is fractional distillation?
Method for separating a liquid from a mixture of two or more liquids. E.g. Ethanol from and Ethanol and water solution.
What is crystallisation?
Crystallisation is a separation technique that is used to separate
a solid that has dissolved in a liquid and made a solution.
Describe experiment to separate salt from rock salt.
Add water to rock salt. Stir to dissolve. Filter the solution. Pour filtrate in evaporating basin. Heat with Bunsen. Allow cooling slowly.
Explain simple distillation, in practical terms.
When the solution is heated, the water evaporates. It is cooled and the water condenses into a separate container, the salt does not evaporate and so it stays behind.
Explain fractional distillation, in practical terms.
Each part has different boiling points. When the mixture is heated one evaporates before the other.
If a substance does not dissolve, what is called?
Insoluble
Explain filtration, in practical terms.
The mixture of insoluble solid and liquid is poured into the filter funnel. Liquid particles are small enough to squeeze through the paper and the solid stays on the paper.
What is the residue?
The thing that stays on the filter paper.
What is the filtrate?
The thing that passes through the filter paper.
What is evaporation?
The process of separating soluble solid from a liquid. E.g. Copper sulphate and water.
Explain evaporation, in practical terms.
Copper sulphate’s crystals dissolve to form copper sulphate solution. During evaporation, water is removed leaving copper sulphate crystals behind.
