Separation Flashcards
Mixture
Two or more different substances are physically combined, the physical change is easily reversible
Soluble
Will Dissolve in liquid
Insoluble
Will not dissolve fully in liquid
What can mixtures be composed of
- elements
- elements & compounds
- compounds
Give an example of the separation technique of “manually Sorting and sieving”
Organising and sorting colours of smarties
Decanting
A separation technique also known as as pouring
When is decanting used
Used if you have a liquid and an insoluble liquid
Explain how decanting works
The liquid is carefully poured over and the solid is left in the original container
Filtration
A separation technique used to separate insoluble solids from a liquid
Explain how filtration works
- filter paper is used in a funnel which has tiny holes to allow the liquid through
- the insoluble solids are left in the filter paper (residue)
- the filtered liquid is called filtrate
What happens when the residue from filtration is dried to remove excess liquid
The residue can be in the air
Evaporation
A separating technique used to separate soluble solids from a liquid
Explain how evaporation works
- the liquid mixture evaporates into a gas & escapes the container
- the soluble solids are left in the evaporating dish
What can be collected after the separation technique of evaporation
Only the soluble solids
Distillation
A separation technique used to separate substances based on the fact that all substances have different boiling points
What is the name of the equipment used for distillation
A Liebig condenser
With distillation, how is the Liebig condenser used
It is used to change the gas vapour back into a liquid
How does the Liebig condenser change the gas vapour back into a liquid
The outer glass tube contains cold water which cools the gas back into a liquid
Paper Chromatography
A separation technique used to separate miscible liquids from each other
Miscibility
How well substances mix together (sometimes two different liquids don’t make a mixture)
What can be used to separate Immiscible liquids
A funnel
