Sensory systems

Question 1

The detection of the movement of the water

Answer 1

Mechanoreception

Question 2

What are the two major mechanosensory systems?

Answer 2

The lateral line system and the inner ear

Question 3

Which sensory system detects disturbances in the water?

Answer 3

The lateral line system

Question 4

Which sensory system is responsible for fish equilibrium and balance, as well as hearing?

Answer 4

The inner ear

Question 5

The hair cells of the lateral line system are organized into ________, which allow fishes to detect vibrations in the water that originate from or reflect off prey, predators, other fishes in a school, and environmental obstacles

Answer 5

Neuromasts

Question 6

In a sensory hair cell, the ____ helps screen out background “noise” by preventing the hair cells from being affected by small vibrations

Answer 6

Cupula

Question 7

What are the two main subdivisions of the lateral line system?

Answer 7

Superficial neuromasts & canal neuromasts

Question 8

Neuromasts that are free-standing on the skin and are quite sensitive to water movement

Answer 8

Superficial neuromasts

Question 9

Neuromasts that are located in channels beneath the scales of the lateral line and in dermal bones of the head and which open to the surrounding water via small pores

Answer 9

Canal neuromasts

Question 10

Postural equilibrium and balance are maintained by the ____ ________, a portion of the fish’s inner ear

Answer 10

Pars superior

Question 11

In jawed fishes, the pars superior consists of three ________ and an additional chamber known as the ________

Answer 11

semicircular canals, utricle

Question 12

In the inner ear, the utricle contains a solid deposit, or ____, which rests on a bed of sensory hair cells

Answer 12

Otolith (the lapillus)

Question 13

The largest group of hearing specialists is the ________ fishes

Answer 13

Otophysan

Question 14

Otophysan fishes contain a series of small bones derived from modified vertebrae that connect the anterior end of the gas bladder to the inner ear, called the _________________

Answer 14

Webarian apparatus

Question 15

In the eye, the ____ contains the photosensory cells

Answer 15

Retina

Question 16

The
________ has the highest oxygen demand of any tissue in the body

Answer 16

Retina

Question 17

In most fishes, a ________ maintains high oxygen levels in the retina

Answer 17

Choroid gland

Question 18

The sense of smell

Answer 18

Olfaction

Question 19

The sense of taste

Answer 19

Gustation

Question 20

A pair of ____ contain the organs of smell in fishes

Answer 20

Nasal sacs

Question 21

Each olfactory (nasal) sac is lined with a highly folded ____________, in whch molecules of odorants bind to receptor proteins on membranes of the receptor cells

Answer 21

Olfactory epithelium

Question 22

What are the two general types of electroreceptor organs in fishes?

Answer 22

Ampullary receptors & tuberous receptors

Question 23

Electroreceptors located in recesses in skin that are connected to the surface by a canal filled with a conductive gel. They are sensitive to electric fields of low frequency.

Answer 23

Ampullary receptors

Question 24

Electroreceptors that are located in depressions of the epidermis, are covered with loosely packed epithelial cells, and detect higher frequency electric fields.

Answer 24

Tuberous receptors

Question 25

Special ________ in the brain stem recieve input directly from the visual, auditory, and lateral line systems. They send command signals to the body musculature

Answer 25

Mauthner cells