Functional morphology of locomotion & feeding

Question 1

The process of sinusoidal waves passing down the body or a fin/fins

Answer 1

Undulation

Question 2

The process of a structrure (such as a fin) moving back and forth

Answer 2

Oscillation

Question 3

The swimming type in which all but the head contributes to the propulsive force; involves undulations of the body

(Representative taxa: eels, some sharks, many larvae)

Answer 3

Anguilliform

Question 4

The three swimming types in which only posterior segments of the body are involved in wave generation

(Representative taxa: salmon, mako shark, tuna)

Answer 4

Sub-carangiform
Carangiform
Thunniform

Question 5

The swimming type in which only the tail is moved back and forth (oscillation) while the body is held rigid

(Representative taxa: boxfish, torpedo ray, mormyrs)

Answer 5

Ostraciiform

Question 6

The three swimming types in which fishes flap their dorsal and anal fins synchronously; their narrow-based, long, pointed fins function like wings and generate lift (forward thrust) continuously

(Representative taxa: ocean sunfish (mola mola), triggerfish)

Answer 6

Tetraodontiform
Balistiform
Diodontiform

Question 7

The three swimming types in which the pectoral and median fins undulate

(Representative taxa: rays, bowfin, knifefishes)

Answer 7

Rajiform
Amiiform
Gymnotiform

Question 8

The swimming type in which the pectoral fins oscillate

(Representative taxa: wrasses, surfperch)

Answer 8

Labriform