Sensory System/Health Challenges Flashcards
What are the 5 senses
Sight
Hearing
Taste
Touch
Smell
What are the 3 sections of the ear and what do they contain
Outer/external (auditory canal, ear drum, hair, oil glands)
Middle (ossicles called the malleus, incus, and stapes)
Inner/tabyrinth (semi circular canals, cochlea, and auditory nerve)
2 main functions of the ear
Hearing and balance
Protectors of the eye
Skull, eyelids, eyelashes, tears
3 layers of the eye and it’s make up
Sclera (outer white layer, cornea is transparent)
Chonoid (muscles, iris, pupil)
Retina (receptors for vision)
How do we see?
Light enters eye through cornea, passes the lens, reflects on retina and carries info to the brain by optic nerve
Mouth and it’s parts
Tongue, soft palate, upper esophagus, epiglottis
What are the 5 primary tastes
Sour, bitter, sweet, salty, umami (meat)
How do we smell
Odor molecules bind to receptors in mucous membrane, sends signals to brain in olfactory bulb, interpret based on unique combination
Hypomisa definition
Reduced ability to smell
Otosclerosis definition
Abnormal formation of new bone in middle ear, progressive loss of hearing
Tinnitus definition
Ringing in ear from abnormal stimulation of ear structures, occurs in otosclerosis
Menieres disease definition
Chronic increase of fluid in inner ear, causes pressure, results in vertigo, tinnitus, hearing impairment, dizziness
Presbycusis definition
Gradual loss of hearing, changes to inner ear and auditory nerve
Temporary hearing impairment definition
Loss of hearing from buildup of ceruman (wax), fixed with removing wax
Glaucoma definition
Increased pressure to eye (optic nerve damage), causes tunnel vision, blurred vision, halos around lights
Cataracts definition
Lens becomes cloudy, blurring and dimming vision, difficulty seeing at night and sensitivity to light
Age related macular degradation definition
Macula (central part of retina) breaks down, loss of sharp/central vision, may retain some peripheral vision, gradual or sudden
Conjunctivitis or pink eye definition
Inflammation of clear membrane covering white part and lining of eyelid, redness shown in eye, increased discharge and tears, from bacteria or allergies
Presbyopia definition
Gradual inability to focus on close objects
Natural lens is less flexible
Diabetic retinopathy definition
Usually from type 1
Damage to blood vessels (blood leaks) and the new blood makes scar tissue over retina
aphesia definition
partial/complete loss of speech/language skills from brain injury
apraxia definition
aka verbal apraxia, inability to correctly move speaking muscles, usually from brain injury
dysarthia definition
difficulty speaking from weakness/paralysis in speaking muscles
