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1140 > Intergumentary System/Health Challenges > Flashcards

Intergumentary System/Health Challenges Flashcards

1
Q

integument definition

A

means covering

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2
Q

components of integumentary system

A

skin and its appendages:
hair
oil glands
nails
sweat glands

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3
Q

how often are cells replaced

A

every 4 weeks
old cells are pushed to top of skin

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4
Q

name and describe the 2 skin layers

A

epidermis (outer layer, no blood supply, has nerve endings, contains pigment, relies on dermis for nutrients and oxygen)
dermis (inner layer, connective tissue, has blood vessels, nerves, sweat and oil glands, hair roots)

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5
Q

name and describe bottom “layer” of skin

A

subcutaneous (fatty tissue below skin)

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6
Q

what are the 4 functions of the skin

A

protection
nerve endings (warn for danger, sense temperature)
elimination (rid of toxins)
regulation of boy temp (sweating/shivering)

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7
Q

features of hair

A

keeps heat
protects openings from foreign substances
small amounts of daily shedding
soft and shiny

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8
Q

features of nails

A

protects finger and toe beds
flexible
straight, fingers rounded
beds are pink

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9
Q

features of sweat glands

A

help regulate temperature
from pores of skin
consists of water, salt, small amount of waste

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10
Q

features of oil glands

A

secrets oily substance and softens hair
prevents bacteria from growing on surface of skin

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11
Q

skin changes upon aging

A

increased skin breakdown
subcutaneous layer lost
drier
less elastic
fewer blood vessels
nails thicken and roughen
hair thins and dries

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12
Q

how to promote healthy skin

A

no soap on face
moisturize after washing
test water temp
brush hair every day
keep nails short
promote fluids
promote circulation

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13
Q

characteristics of healthy skin

A

not discoloured
soft and smooth
elastic and turger
intact
cool or warm

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14
Q

wound definition

A

break in skin or mucus membrane, becomes portal of entry

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15
Q

abrasion definition

A

partial thickness wound from scraping away or rubbing of skin

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16
Q

contusion definition

A

a bruise, closed wound caused by blow to body

17
Q

incision definition

A

open wound with clean, straight edges, usually intentional

18
Q

laceration definition

A

open wound with torn tissues and jagged edges

19
Q

penetrating wound definition

A

open wound, a superficial or deep penetration of body system

20
Q

puncture wound definition

A

closed wound from a sharp, pointy object, prone to infection but bleeds little

21
Q

pressure/decubitus ulcer definition

A

any injury from unrelieved pressure, usually occurs over a boney area

22
Q

trauma definition

A

an accidental or violent act that injures skin, mucus membranes, bone, or organs

23
Q

skin tear definition

A

break or rip in skin, epidermis separates from underlying tissue

24
Q

causes of pressure ulcers

A

pressure
friction
shearing
breaks in skin
poor circulation to an area
moisture
dry/flaky skin

25
Q

risks for pressure ulcers

A

immobile
confined to bed or chair
moisture
incontinence
poor nutrition
dulled sensing for pain/pressure
obese or frail
altered mental awareness

26
Q

shearing definition

A

tearing of skin tissue from skin sticking to a surface but the inner structures move

27
Q

stages of pressure ulcers

A

1: skin is red and does not return to normal upon relieving
2: skin cracks, blisters, or peels, may have shallow crater
3: skin is gone and underlying tissues are exposed and damaged, may be drainage
4: muscle and bone are exposed and damaged, drainage is likely

28
Q

athletes foot definition

A

very contagious fungal infection in skin of the foot

29
Q

boil definition

A

skin disorder caused by infection of hair follicle, red puss filled lump

30
Q

cyst definition

A

abnormal closed sac that can contain air, fluid, or semi-solid material

31
Q

when are moles cancerous

A

isn’t a clean circle, colour breaks from normal shape

32
Q

dermatitis definition

A

inflammation of skin from contact with allergic or irritating substance

33
Q

eczema definition

A

inflammatory condition of skin, causes red, dry, itchy patches of skin

34
Q

psoriasis definition

A

persistent skin disorder that causes red scaly plaques on skin

35
Q

seborrheic keratosis definition

A

non-cancerous growth, mistaken for moles or skin cancer

36
Q

skin tag definition

A

small flap of flesh coloured skin

37
Q

urticaria definition

A

hives or raised itchy wells, warning sign not to touch something, can lead to anaphylactic shock

38
Q

treatment for pressure sores

A

water mattresses
repositioning
cushions
pain meds
dressing

39
Q

the 4 types of wound drainage

A

serous: clear, watery fluid, does not contain blood cells or platelets
sanguineous: bloody drainage, bright red is recent and dark old
serosanguineous: thin, watery drainage that is blood-tinged
purulent: thick drainage that is green, yellow, or brown and may have an odour

1140 (7 decks)

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