organization of human body Flashcards
structure definition
how the body is organized, arranged, or put together. human anatomy.
function definition
how the body structure works, its purpose, and its “physiology”
pathophysiology definition
when it doesn’t work as it should
4 main units of the body in order
cells
tissues
organs
systems
characteristics of the human cell
microscopic
building blocks of the body
millions make up the body
components of the human cell
a nucleus (control tower)
cytoplasm (fluid inside cell that supports organelles)
cell membrane (lets things enter/exit)
cells require what to live
water
oxygen
nutrients
waste elimination
reproduction by mitosis (cell division)
what are chromosomes
located in the nucleus
46 in each cell (ea XX and XY)
contains genes (which control inherited traits)
4 basic types of tissue and their purpose
epithelial (covers and protects internal/external body surfaces)
connective (connects/supports other tissues)
muscle (movement through contraction)
nerves (relays information through body to the brain)
organ and system definitions
organs are groups of tissues that perform special functions
systems are groups of organs that perform certain functions
homeostasis definition
all body systems working together to maintain optimal/stable state of body
essential for organ function
ea shivering or sweating
body cavities definition and the 2 main ones
where organs are located
includes the ventral and dorsal
4 quadrants of the abdominal cavity
right upper
right lower
left upper
left lower
what are the 4 body cavities
thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, and cranial/spinal (considered one)
what is the diaphragm
major muscle of respiration located below lungs, contracts rhythmically/continually to breathe
flattening = inhaling
relaxing - exhaling
