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Fundamental - 1020 > Sensory Perception and Cognitive Process COPY > Flashcards

Sensory Perception and Cognitive Process COPY Flashcards

1
Q

Caring for a pt with Kinesthetic alterations:

A
  • call for assistance before ambulating
  • change position and stand slowly
  • keep noise at a minimum
  • installation of a grab bar
  • well lighted rooms
  • use assistant devices
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2
Q

`Caring for a pt with Visual alterations:

A
  • oriented to items in room
  • use glasses/contacts
  • describe placement of food by #’s on a clock
  • remove rugs
  • bright lights
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3
Q

Caring for a pt with Sensory deprivation:

A
  • provide social interaction
  • enjoyable activities
  • support groups
  • touch
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4
Q

Caring for a pt with Sensory overload:

A
  • dimming lights
  • turn alarms down
  • pain medication
  • music
  • back rub
  • visits from family
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5
Q

Areas of the cerebrum are responsible for both

A

cognition, processing, and integration of info from sensory input

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6
Q

Lobe of Cerebellum Frontal:

A

voluntary function, concentration, communication, decision making, and personality

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7
Q

Lobe of Cerebellum Parietal:

A

sense of touch, distinguishing the shape and texture of objects

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8
Q

Lobe of Cerebellum Temporal:

A

hearing and smell

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9
Q

Lobe of Cerebellum Occipital:

A

vision

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10
Q

Delirium:

A

reversible state of acute confusion

a disturbance in consciousness or change in cognition and is caused by a medical condition

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11
Q

Dementia:

A

permanent decline in mental function
decline in many cognitive abilities including reasoning, use of language, memory (not reversible and worsens over time.)

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12
Q

Delusions:

A

False beliefs

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13
Q

Gustatory

A

sense of taste

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14
Q

Kinesthetic

A

balance

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15
Q

Olfactory

A

sense of smell

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16
Q

Presbycusis:

A

age related hearing loss

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17
Q

Presbyopia:

A

farsightedness age related decrease in the ability to focus on near objects

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18
Q

Tactile

A

touch

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19
Q

Alterations of the sensory and cognitive abilities occur from:

A

traumatic injuries, illnesses, metabolic imbalances, aging.

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20
Q

Stimulus:

A

change in the environment that created a response

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21
Q

Sensory adaptation

A

process by which some impulses are ignored by the brain during time of alertness because they are not prioritized as important

22
Q

Depression

A

mood disorder characterized by a sense of hopelessness and persistent unhappiness
s/s: loss of interest, sadness for an extended period of time, decreased self-esteem, sleeping too much or insomnia, changing in eating patterns.

23
Q

Sensory reception:

A

receiving stimuli and data

24
Q

Sensory perception:

A

conscious organization and translation of stimuli and date into meaning

25
Q

Factors influencing capacity to receive and perceive stimuli:

A 
age 
meaningful stimuli 
environmental factors
amount of stimuli 
social interaction
cultural factorsj
26
Q

Levels of Consciousness:

A 
alert
lethargic
obtunded
semi comatose
comatose
27
Q

Alert:

A

oriented, aware of stimuli

28
Q

Lethargic:

A

slow to respond, is the response appropriate

29
Q

Obtunded:

A

difficult to arouse, inconsistently follows commands

30
Q

Semi-Comatose:

A

responds when stimulated, does not follow commands

31
Q

Comatose:

A

no meaningful response

32
Q

Sensory deprivation:

A

affects all 5 senses insufficient or monotonous stimuli that causes a change in perception of stimuli
characterized by: drowsiness, escape behaviors, pre-occupation, inability to concentrate, irritability, hallucinations

33
Q

Nursing interventions for sensory deprivation:

A 
visual stimulation
auditory 
olfactory
tactile
gustatory 
cognition
emotional care
34
Q

Sensory Overload:

A 
excessive stimuli (feels out of control)
characteristics: confusion, anxiety, mental distress, panic, restlessness, insomnia, fatigue, impaired problem solving.
35
Q

Myopia:

A

see close but not far away

36
Q

Hyperopia:

A

farsightedness

37
Q

Glaucoma:

A

(no cure) increased pressure in anterior cavity of the eye, loss of peripheral vision

38
Q

Mascular Degeneration:

A

loss of central vision

39
Q

Cataracts:

A

clouding of lens

40
Q

______ last sense to be lost.

A

Hearing

41
Q

The area of the brain that controls alertness and attention is the”

A

reticular activating system (RAS)

42
Q

Communication Guidelines:

A 
acknowledge presence 
remain in pt visual field 
normal voice tone
explain reason for touching
call light
orient
ambulate
43
Q

Diabetic Retinopathy:

A

complication of diabetes mellitus in which the blood vessels of the retina becomes damaged —-> condition may lead to blindness

44
Q

Hypernatremia & hyponatremia

A

CNS symptoms

45
Q

Hypocalcemia:

A

tactile disturbances (tingling and numbness)

46
Q

Hypoglycemic:

A

irritability and have difficulty concentrating

47
Q

Urinalysis with culture and sensitivity

A

obtained for any pt exhibiting a change in cognition.

48
Q

Pts with cognitive impairment are oriented by:

A 
clock 
location
social interaction
calendar
safe environment
49
Q

Caring for dementia pt:

A

consistent routine
supervision
increase awareness by using clocks, calendars, notes, reminders

50
Q

Caring for a pt with tactile alterations:

A

test bath water temp (reduce risks of burns)
active ROM is encouraged
turn every 2 hours
instructed to not use heat/cold therapies

51
Q

Caring for a pt with olfactory/ gustatory alterations:

A

high armotic foods
enhance flavor of foods
fresh flowers

52
Q

Caring for a pt with auditory alterations:

A

hearing aids are encouraged
nurse stands 3-5 feet in front
speak clearly and slowly
paper and pencil/ whiteboard may be used

Fundamental - 1020 (9 decks)

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