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The Older Client > Sensory Perception > Flashcards

Sensory Perception Flashcards

1
Q

What is sensation?

A
  • ability to perceive stimulation through ones sensory organs. (Vision, hearing, taste, smells, touch)
  • feeling of pain, temperature, light
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2
Q

What is perception?

A

-how one receives, organizes and interprets sensation

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3
Q

What is Sensory perception?

A

-refers to the ability to receive sensory input and through various physiologic processes in the body, translate the stimulus or data into meaningful information

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4
Q

Describe the scope of sensory perception?

A
  • visions, hearing, taste, smell, touch

- optimal functioning to impairment

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5
Q

Who is at risk for sensory impairment?

A
  • all human population

- increased risk: elderly (physiological changes, decline occurs in all five senses)

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6
Q

1) What is low vision?

2) What is blindness?

A

1) best corrected visual acuity of less than 20/40 in better seeing eye
2) best corrected visual acuity of less than 20/200

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7
Q

What are primary reasons for visual impairment?

A
  • age related systemic diseases
  • primary disorders of the eye
  • natural decrease in the ability to focus on near objects (presbyopia)
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8
Q

What is presbyopia?

A

-loss of elasticity in the lens of eye, leading to decrease in the eyes ability to change the shape of the lens to focus on near objects such as fine print and decreased ability to adapt to light

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9
Q

What are the consequences of visual impairment?

A 
Impact on safety
-inability to read medication labels
-difficulty navigating
-difficulty driving
-higher risk of falls
Impact on quality of life
-reduces independence, ability to read
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10
Q

What are the major cause of visual impairment and blindness amount older adults?

A
  • cataracts
  • macular degeneration
  • glaucoma
  • diabetic retinopathy
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11
Q

What can hearing loss range from?

A

-minor distortions to complete hearing loss

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12
Q

What is the most common sensory impairment?

A

Hearing loss

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13
Q

What is two ways that hearing loss can be?

A

-conductive or sensorineural

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14
Q

What is conductive hearing loss?

A

-from otosclerosis, infection, eardrum perforation, fluid accumulation

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15
Q

What is sensorineural hearing loss?

A
  • pathological changes in the inner ear or nerve pathway

- presbycusis

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16
Q

What is cerumen impaction?

A
  • interferes with conduction of sound through air in the eardrum
  • easily corrected
17
Q

What are risk factors for cerumen impaction?

A
  • individuals who wear hearing aids

- older men with ear canal tragi (hair in ears)

18
Q

What are the consequence of hearing loss?

A

Impact on Quality of life
-impairs ability to communicate with others and adds to social isolation
-leads to depression or low self esteem
Safety Issues
-unable to hear instructions (how to take meds)
-unable to hear car coming
-unable to hear doorbell

19
Q

What is presbycusis?

A
  • loss of high frequency, sensorineural hearing loss
  • background noise further aggravate hearing deficit
  • due to gradual loss of hair cells, fibrous changes in the small blood vessels that supply cochlea
20
Q

What happens to olfactory in older adults?

A
  • decrease olfactory epithelium, decreased nasal cilia
  • ability to smell as well as the ability to distinguish smell
  • loss of smell occurs at age 60, increase loss with age
21
Q

What happens to touch in older adults?

A

Decrease sense of touch

22
Q

What happens with loss of taste?

A
  • decreased appetite, weight loss, malnutrition
  • food poisoning
  • increased risk of burns on tongue and esophagus
  • decreased enjoyment of food
23
Q

What happens with loss of smell?

A
  • decreased quality of life
  • decreased sense of taste
  • Safety risk- can’t smell smoke, gas, spoiled food, chemicals
24
Q

What happens with loss of touch?

A

-decreased ability to sense pain leading to increased injury, risk of hypo-hyperthermia, burns

25
Q

What are risk factors for all senses?

A
  • medications
  • medical conditions
  • lifestyle choices
  • occupation
26
Q

What can impaired sensory perception lead to?

A
  • delirium
  • depression
  • anxiety
  • loss of self worth
  • development and learning delays
  • high safety risks
  • cognitive decline
  • functional decline
27
Q

What are types of tertiary prevention?

A

Collaborative interventions
Corrective lenses
Surgery (LASIK)
Pharmacotherapy

28
Q

What are collaborative interventions for hearing?

A

-surgery, cochlear implants, hearing aids

29
Q

What are ways to help with client with vision and hearing problems?

A
  • effective communication techniques (face client, sit at their level)
  • adequate lighting
  • lower your tone
  • reduce background noise
  • use non verbal strategies
  • use sensory devices

The Older Client (5 decks)

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