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RNSG 1430 > Sensory Perception > Flashcards

Sensory Perception Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the ear does conductive hearing loss affect?

A

External and middle.

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2
Q

What part of the ear does sensorineural hearing loss affect?

A

Inner ear, damage to cochlea hair cells.

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3
Q

What are some of the causes of conductive hearing loss?

A

Wax, otitis media (ear infection of the canal) otosclerosis (abnormal bone growth in ear canal), damage to ear drum.

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4
Q

What are some of the causes of sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Aging, loud noises, diseases (mumps, meningitis, menier’s) ototoxic drugs (NSAIDS, antibiotics, chemotherapy, diuretics (furosemide).

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5
Q

An audiometry test, otoscope, tuning fork test, weber test, CT scan/MRI scan are all diagnostic tests for what sensory deficit.

A

Hearing loss.

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6
Q

What are some interventions for conductive hearing loss?

A

Applying heat to the affected ear, properly irrigating the ear with hydrogen peroxide, ear drops, enhancing communication through written or oral, and teaching of the use of a hearing aid.

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7
Q

In what direction are adult ear drops placed?

A

Pull ear upwards and backwards.

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8
Q

In what direction are child ear drops placed?

A

Pull ear upwards and backwards.

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9
Q

What are the causes of Diabetic Retinopathy?

A

Uncontrolled hyperglycemia, hypertension, and smoking.

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10
Q

How does Diabetes Mellitus cause retinopathy?

A

Formation of microaneurysms, increased vascular permeability, neovascularization, diabetic macular edema, and retinal detachment.

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11
Q

How does Diabetes Mellitus cause neuropathy?

A

Chronic hyperglycemia and hypertension can cause damage to neurons throughout the body affecting sensory, autonomic, and motor neurons.

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12
Q

What interventions are part of the care plan for patients with Diabetes Mellitus who are experiencing sensory changes?

A

Access blood glucose, blood pressure, medication adherence, assess feet for loss of sensation or ulcers, annual diabetic eye exam for retinopathy.

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13
Q

What visual impairment is characterized by progressive opacity of the lens of the eye that causes clouding or blurring of the lens?

A

Cataracts.

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14
Q

What is the treatment for cataracts?

A

Surgery

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15
Q

Why should heavy lifting be avoided after cataract surgery?

A

It increases IOP.

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16
Q

What are the two types of glaucoma?

A

Open angle and closed angle glaucoma.

17
Q

What type of glaucoma is known as the silent thief?

A

Open angle glaucoma.

18
Q

What causes glaucoma.

A

Damage to the optic nerve due to chronic increase in eye pressure.

19
Q

What is the normal range for IOP?

A

10-21mmhg

20
Q

What instrument is used to measure IOP?

A

Tonometer.

21
Q

Tunnel vision, increased IOP, optic disc cupping with generally no pain are are signs and symptoms of what type of glaucoma?

A

Open-angle glaucoma.

22
Q

Sudden vision loss, severe pain, nausea, vomiting, red eyes, corneal edema are all signs and symptoms of what type of glaucoma?

A

Closed-angle glaucoma.

23
Q

What are treatment options for glaucoma?

A

Eye drops/medications, surgical treatments that lowerss IOP.

24
Q

Being sixty or older, African American, having diabetes and hypertension and having an elevated IOP are all risk factors for what?

A

Glaucoma.

25
Q

Nursing interventions for glaucoma?

A

Pt education on administering eye drops, measures to prevent increase in IOP, medication education.

26
Q

What is macular degeneration?

A

Degeneration of macula (incharge of central vision) that leads to loss of central vision.

27
Q

What causes macular degeneration?

A

Retinal aging.

28
Q

What are the two types of macular degeneration?

A

Dry and wet macular degeneration.

29
Q

Retinal breakdown due to the buildup of drusen (protein buildup) under the retina causing the macula to dry out and break down is known as which type of macular degeneration?

A

Dry macular degeneration. (more common, less severe)

30
Q

Abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage onto the macula causing scarring is which type of macular degeneration?

A

Wet macular degeneration. (less common, more severe)

31
Q

What are the risk factors for macular degeneration?

A

Aging (60+), HTN, smoking, family history, obesity, low intake of eye vitamins, UV light, having light colored eyes.

32
Q

Treatments for Mac Degeneration?

A

Statins, control smoking, HTN, eye vitamins, eye injections, laser surgery, photodynamic therapy.

33
Q

Nursing interventions for macular degeneration?

A

Pt education, no smoking, sunglasses, regular eye exams, control HTN, blood sugar, and home modification for vision loss.

RNSG 1430 (8 decks)

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