sensory cognitive alterations

Question 1

sensory reception

Answer 1

process of receiving data of external and internal environment via the senses

Question 2

kinesthetic

Answer 2

awareness of body position and movement

Question 3

stereognosis

Answer 3

sense that perceives solidity of objects and their size, shape and texture

Question 4

medical term of senses

Answer 4

visual, auditory, gustatory, olfactory, tactile, kinesthetic, stereognosis

Question 5

functional sensory input

Answer 5

reception -> perception -> reaction

Question 6

reticular activating system (RAS) is

Answer 6

poorly defined network, extended from hypothalamus to medulla, mediates arousal, optimal arousal state: sensoristasis, monitors and regulates incoming sensory stimuli

Question 7

somnolent

Answer 7

extreme drowsiness, but will respond normally to stimuli

Question 8

stupor

Answer 8

unconscious, can be aroused by extreme and or reacted stimuli

Question 9

coma

Answer 9

unconscious, can not be aroused and does not respond to stimuli

Question 10

normal

Answer 10

alert, aware, responsive

Question 11

sensory deprivation

Answer 11

reduction in or absence of usual and accustomed stimuli

Question 12

s/sx of sensory deprivation

Answer 12

anxiety, depression, boredom, unsettled feeling, hallucinations

Question 13

causes of sensory deprivation

Answer 13

altered sensory reception, deprived environments

Question 14

sensory overload

Answer 14

one or more of the senses are overloaded

Question 15

s/sx of sensory overload

Answer 15

agitation, racing thoughts, confusion

Question 16

causes of sensory overload

Answer 16

internal stimuli (pain, nausea, anxiety), external stimuli (roommate, environment), other (taking in new info)

Question 17

sensory deficit

Answer 17

impairment or lack or senses (impaired vision, hearing, taste, smell or tactile perception), can be reversible or permanent

Question 18

sensory processing disorder

Answer 18

difficulty in the way the brain receives sensory info, or the way the brain organizes and uses that info, leads to challenges interacting in the environment

Question 19

categories of sensory processing disorder

Answer 19

sensory overresponsivity, sensory underresponsivity, sensory discrimination, postural disorder, sensory craver, dyspraxia

Question 20

which are indications of sensory deprivation

Answer 20

I feel anxious all the time, there is nothing good to watch on tv, will you please tell that dragon to get off my bed, what the use, nothing ever changes anyway

Question 21

factors affecting sensory function

Answer 21

age, culture, personality & lifestyle, stress and illness, medication

Question 22

presbyopia

Answer 22

age related hearing loss

Question 23

cataracts

Answer 23

cloudy lens

Question 24

glaucoma

Answer 24

cause vision loss and blindness by damaging a nerve in the back of your eye, optic nerve

Question 25

retinopathy

Answer 25

leading cause of preventable blindness, caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye; blurred vision, a sudden of black “floaters”

Question 26

macular degeneration

Answer 26

causes loss in the center of the field of vision, fatty deposits under the retina, blurred vision

Question 27

cerumen accumulation

Answer 27

earwax, can lead to pain, itching, tinnitus, and hearing loss

Question 28

which measure is appropriate when caring for patient who is hearing impaired

Answer 28

position yourself so that light is on your face

Question 29

which of the following people are like to experience sensory alteration

Answer 29

an 80 y.o man with cerumen impaction, a 24 y.o woman who has been in the ICU for 15 days, a 12 y.o. boy who is in 10/10 pain and vomiting and needs surgery, a nurse with 2 years of experience who is floated to an unfamiliar unit to work a 12 hr shift

Question 30

what is cognition

Answer 30

the systemic way in which a person thinks, reasons, and uses language/ the mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment

Question 31

characteristics of normal cognition

Answer 31

intelligence, reality perception, orientation, judgement, recall and recognition, language

Question 32

T or F. when caring for an unconscious patient, the nurse should speak loudly and assume the patient can hear the nurse

Answer 32

false, speak in normal tone

Question 33

polypharmacy

Answer 33

may lead to drug interactions

Question 34

beers criteria (the American geriatrics society)

Answer 34

list of medications that should not be used (or should be used cautiously) in adults over the age of 65

Question 35

impaired thought processes

Answer 35

disorganized thinking, altered level of arousal, altered nutrition, memory impairment

Question 36

impaired communication

Answer 36

expressive aphasia, receptive aphasia, dysarthria

Question 37

expressive aphasia (brocas aphasia)

Answer 37

inability to express words one wants to say (verbal or written), limited speech (slow or takes great effort, reduced grammar, poor articulation), person knows what he/she wants to say but can’t find words

Question 38

receptive aphasia (wernickes aphasia)

Answer 38

difficulty understanding verbal or written words, impaired auditory comprehension and feedback

Question 39

dysarthria

Answer 39

motor speech disorder (r/t stroke or brain injury)

Question 40

delirium

Answer 40

acute confusional state; sudden onset, con potentially be reversed; often due to a physiological cause, requires prompt assessment and intervention

Question 41

dementia

Answer 41

generalized impairment if intellectual functioning; interferes with social and occupational functioning, gradual onset; progressive and irreversible

Question 42

types of dementia

Answer 42

alzheimers (most common), frontotemporal, vascular, diffuse lewy

Question 43

7As of dementia

Answer 43

anosognosia, aphasia, agnosia, apraxia, amnesia, altered perception, apathy

Question 44

depression

Answer 44

reversible condition, may be mistaken for dementia

Question 45

s/sx of depression

Answer 45

feeling of sadness, fatigue, anger/ abandoning or losing interest in hobbies or other pleasurable pastimes/ social withdrawal and isolation/ weight loss, anorexia/ sleep disturbances/ loss of self worth/ fixation of death

Question 46

which describe delirium

Answer 46

if identified and correct it can be reversible, patient my sleep many more hours than usual or not at all, can be caused by life threatening physical problems