interventions for alterations in rest and sleep Flashcards
rest
a state of mental, physical and spiritual activity that leaves a person feeling refreshed
sleep
rest that is accompanied by altered consciousness and relative inactivity
what is involved in physiology of sleep
reticular activating system (RAS) and bulbar synchronizing region, hypothalamus (circadian rhythm), neurotransmitters, hormones (melatonin)
function of sleep, important for
physiologic, emotional and cognitive function/ body tissue restoration, sorting and discarding of neurotransmitters, character reinforcement
stages of sleep
non-rapid eye movement sleep, rapid eye movement sleep
non-rapid eye movement sleep
75% of sleep time, PNS is in control. divided into 4 stages (stage 1&2 are light sleep, 3&4 are deep sleep)
rapid eye movement sleep
25% of sleep, fluctuation or increase in vital signs, increase in cerebral blood flood and oxygen consumption, relaxation of skeletal muscle, REM rebound
non-REM sleep stages, stage 1
transitional state between wakefulness and sleep (hyping jump), lasts only minutes
non-REM sleep stages, stage 2
asleep, but a light stage if sleep, easy awakened, makes up about half of all sleep
non-REM sleep stages, stage 3
deeper sleep, more difficult to awaken, increased relaxation -> snoring
non-REM sleep stages, stage 4
deepest stage, brain activity slows
sleep through lifespan: infancy
sleep 16 hrs, sleeps through night at 2-4 months, ABCs of safe sleeping
sleep through lifespan: toddlers/ preschool
sleep 11-14 hrs, transition from crib to bed
sleep through lifespan: young children
sleep 9-12 hrs, increased need for sleep related to growth spurts
sleep through lifespan: adolescents
sleep 8-10 hrs
sleep through lifespan: adults
sleep 7-9 hrs, decrease in non-REM stage IV sleep starts in middle age and is absent by older