interventions for alterations in rest and sleep Flashcards

1
Q

rest

A

a state of mental, physical and spiritual activity that leaves a person feeling refreshed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sleep

A

rest that is accompanied by altered consciousness and relative inactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is involved in physiology of sleep

A

reticular activating system (RAS) and bulbar synchronizing region, hypothalamus (circadian rhythm), neurotransmitters, hormones (melatonin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

function of sleep, important for

A

physiologic, emotional and cognitive function/ body tissue restoration, sorting and discarding of neurotransmitters, character reinforcement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

stages of sleep

A

non-rapid eye movement sleep, rapid eye movement sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

non-rapid eye movement sleep

A

75% of sleep time, PNS is in control. divided into 4 stages (stage 1&2 are light sleep, 3&4 are deep sleep)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

rapid eye movement sleep

A

25% of sleep, fluctuation or increase in vital signs, increase in cerebral blood flood and oxygen consumption, relaxation of skeletal muscle, REM rebound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

non-REM sleep stages, stage 1

A

transitional state between wakefulness and sleep (hyping jump), lasts only minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

non-REM sleep stages, stage 2

A

asleep, but a light stage if sleep, easy awakened, makes up about half of all sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

non-REM sleep stages, stage 3

A

deeper sleep, more difficult to awaken, increased relaxation -> snoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

non-REM sleep stages, stage 4

A

deepest stage, brain activity slows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sleep through lifespan: infancy

A

sleep 16 hrs, sleeps through night at 2-4 months, ABCs of safe sleeping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

sleep through lifespan: toddlers/ preschool

A

sleep 11-14 hrs, transition from crib to bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sleep through lifespan: young children

A

sleep 9-12 hrs, increased need for sleep related to growth spurts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sleep through lifespan: adolescents

A

sleep 8-10 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sleep through lifespan: adults

A

sleep 7-9 hrs, decrease in non-REM stage IV sleep starts in middle age and is absent by older

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

impacts on insufficient sleep

A

obesity, anxiety, depression, GI complaints, type 2 diabetes, HTN, stroke, substance abuse, motor vehicle accidents

18
Q

insomnia

A

common in people over 60, acute or chronic, tx: non pharmacologic cognitive behavioral therapy

19
Q

sleep related breathing disorder: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

frequent mini arousals during sleep, decreased SWS and REM 10sec-2min apnea episodes (cause HR to increase, BP to increase -> SNS takes over awakens patient)

20
Q

sx of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

excessive sleepiness, fatigue, depressed mood, difficulty concentrating, poor memory

21
Q

tx for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

CPAP, surgery, weight loss, position changes

22
Q

risks of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

linked to CV disease and cognitive impairment

23
Q

central disorders of hyper somnolence

A

hypersomnia and narcolepsy

24
Q

hypersomnia

A

excessive (daytime) sleep, naps do not relieve symptoms (awaken disoriented, irritated, slowed thoughts and speech)

25
Q

narcolepsy

A

excessive daytime sleepiness and frequent overwhelming urges to sleep, most also experience cataplexy (involuntary loss of skeletal muscle tone)

26
Q

circadian rhythm sleep wake disorders

A

shift work disorder, jet leg

27
Q

shift work disorder

A

25-33% of shift works experience problems with adequate sleep

28
Q

tx for circadian rhythm sleep wake disorders

A

CBT (avoid naps, maintaining regular sleep wake tome, avoid stimulation within several hours of bedtime), shifting sleep wake cycle by an hour or 2 over derail weeks is ideal

29
Q

somnambulism

A

sleep walking

30
Q

REM behavior disorder (RBD)

A

acting out dreams

31
Q

sleep terrors

A

occurs in deepest sleep stage (children sit up screaming but not able to reason)

32
Q

nightmares

A

vivid and disturbing dreams

33
Q

bruxism

A

teeth grinding

34
Q

enuresis

A

bed wetting

35
Q

sleep related eating disorder

A

consumes food but had no recollection

36
Q

sleep related movement disorders

A

restless legs syndrome (RLS) aka willis ekbom disease (WED)

37
Q

restless legs syndrome (RLS) aka willis ekbom disease (WED)

A

cannot lie still, unpleasant creeping crawling or tingling sensation/ massage, walking stretching helps/ leads to chronic sleep loss

38
Q

a nurse caring for patients in a busy hospital environment should implement which recommendation to promote sleep

A

keep the room cool

39
Q

A nurse caring for patients in a long-term care
facility is implementing interventions to help
promote sleep in older adults. Which action is
recommended?

A

increase physical activities during the day

40
Q

A nurse working in a sleep lab observes the developmental factors
that may affect sleep. Which statements accurately describe these
variation? Select all that apply

A

by the age of 8 most children no longer than daily naps, many adolescents do not get enough sleep, Total sleep decreases in adults, with a decrease in stage IV non-
REM sleep, sleep is less sound in older adults and stage IV sleep may be absent